Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
ID Quiz 5 - Coggle Diagram
ID Quiz 5
amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)
common ADRs: nausea, diarrhea
rare ADRs: severe hypersensitivity, renal failure, hepatic failure, pancytopenia
interactions: methotrexate (decreased methotrexate clearance), venlafaxine (increased risk of serotonin syndrome), warfarin (increased risk of bleeding), live vaccines, sodium picosulfate (abx may decrease therapeutic effect)
efficacy: resolution of clinical signs of infection
indications: acute otitis media, CAP, LRTI, sinusitis, infection of skin or SQ tissue, infectious disease of GU system
toxicity: severe diarrhea, dark urine, yellowing of skin or eye, usual bruising or bleeding, blistering skin rash, SOB
class: B-lactam antibiotic
counseling: complete full course of therapy; take dose with food to ensure proper absorption; for the suspension, shake well and store in the fridge; note short expiry after reconstitution of 10 d; avoid mixing suspension with food or beverages; symptoms should improve within 2-3 d; if worsen, seek follow-up with HCP; may decrease effectiveness of OCPs; encourage patient to use backup contraceptive method
azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-Pak)
common ADRs: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
rare ADRs: SJS, chest pain, severe hypersensitivity, myasthenia gravis, QTc prolongation, torsades de pointes, hepatitis
interactions: agents that prolong QTc interval/class III antiarrhythmics (additive cardiotoxicity), statins (increased risk of rhabdo), digoxin (increased digoxin toxicity via decreased bacterial metabolism of digoxin in lower intestine), ergot alkaloids (increased risk of acute ergotism via inhibition of ergot metabolism), nelfinavir (increased azithromycin concentrations via decreased clearance), warfarin (increased risk of bleeding via inhibition of warfarin metabolism), live vaccines, sodium picosulfate
efficacy: resolution of signs and symptoms of infection
indications: acute infective exacerbation of COPD, skin or tissue infection, bacterial sinusitis, chancroid, nongonococcal cervicitis, nongonococcal urethritis, CAP, gonorrhea, urethritis, cervicitis, streptococcal pharyngitis
toxicity: seek medical attention if chest pain, blistering skin rash, or extreme fatigue
counseling: complete full course of therapy; take tablets with or without food, though some patients report increased tolerability when given with food; avoid mixing suspension with food or beverage, but food can be taken afterword; take ER suspension (Zmax) on empty stomach, at least 1 h before or 2 h after a meal; Zmax must be used in the first 12 h of reconstitution; avoid concurrent use of Al/Mg-containing antacids (exception: Zmax can be taken without regard to antacids containing MgOH or AlOH); symptoms should improve in 2-3 d; if worsen, seek follow up with HCP
class: macrolide antibitoic
cephalexin (Keflex)
common ADRs: nausea
rare ADRs: SJS, renal failure, severe hypersensitivity, anemia, neutropenia, seizure
interactions: cholestyramine (cholestyramine may bind to and decrease absorption of cephalexin), metformin (cephalexin may decrease metformin renal excretion leading to increased metformin toxicity), live vaccines, sodium picosulfate
efficacy: resolution of s/s of infection
indications: infection of skin/SQ tissue, osteomyelitis, otitis media, RTI, UTI, streptococcal pharyngitis
toxicity: seek medical attention if decreased urination, blistering skin rash, or extreme fatigue, unusual bruising or bleeding, SOB
class: 1st-gen cephalosporin
counseling: seek medical attention if rash develops; couple full course of therapy; for suspension, shake well and store in fridge; not short expiry after reconstitution; avoid mixing suspension with food or beverages, but food can be taken afterward; symptoms should improve in 2-3 d; if worsen, seek follow-up with HCP
penicillin
common ADRs: diarrhea, nausea
rare ADRs: severe hypersensitivity, renal failure, hepatic failure, hemolytic anemia
interactions: probenecid (increases serum conc of penicillin), live vaccines, sodium picosulfate, tetracyclines (decreased effectiveness of penicillin
efficacy: resolution of clinical signs of infection
indications: bacterial endocarditis, prophylaxis in patients with congenital heart disease or rheumatic/acquired valvular heart disease; otitis media (mild-moderate pneumococcal), streptococcal pharyngitis
toxicity: seek care for severe diarrhea, dark urine, yellowing of skin or eyes, unusual bruising or bleeding, blistering skin rash, or SOB; assess SCr and CBC if prolonged therapy
class: antibiotic
counseling: complete full course of therapy; symptoms should improve in 2-3 d; if worsen, seek medical care; take on empty stomach
clindamycin oral (Cleocin)
rare ADRs: QTc prolongation, SJS, pseudomembranous colitis, esophagitis
efficacy: resolution of S/S of infection
common ADRs: nausea
toxicity: seek medical attention if heart palpitations, blistering skin rash, or profuse watery diarrhea; during prolonged tx, CBC, SCr, LFT
interactions: atracurium and non depolarizing muscle relaxants (clindamycin may have added effect on muscle), erythromycin (competition for same binding site decreased abx effect; theoretical additive effects on QTc prolongation), live vaccines, sodium picosulfate
indications: bacterial infectious disease, susceptible infections due to anaerobic organisms, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, infection of skin/SQ tissue, infectious disease of abdomen, LRTI, PID, septicemia
counseling: complete full course of therapy; symptoms should improve within 2-3 d; if worsen, seek follow up with HCP; take with full glass of water; remain upright for 30 min after dose to minimize risk of GI ulceration
class: lincosamide abx