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How the patterns in atomic structure and electronic configuration may have…

- - - - presence of just one electron in their valence shell
    - - sodium metal and potassium metal are so soft that they can be cut by a butter knife.
    - - potassium
      - rubidium, .
      - sodium
      - lithium
      - cesium
      - francium.
    - - .
        
        number of electrons and shells increase
      - The number of valence electrons remains the same.
      - the size of the elements increases
        
        electrons are found farther away from the nucleus.
        
        the atomic radii increases down the group.
    - - decreases as we move down
- - - - they exist in all three different states of matter.
    - - because of high atomic charge.
    - - the atomic and the ionic radii tend to increase
      - extra energy shell is added.
      - the ionization energy decreases.
        
        the size of the atom increase which decreases the attraction of the valence electrons
        
        valence electrons therefore only little ionization energy is required to remove an electron from the valence shell from any halogens
    - - fluorine
        
        present in the gaseous state
        
        pale yellow color
      - chlorine
        
        present in the gaseous state
        
        greenish yellow color
      - iodine
        
        is present in a solid state
        
        dark violet color.
      - bromine
        
        is present in the liquid state.
        
        reddish brown color.
    - - The electronegativity decreases as we move down group 17 because of the increase in nuclear radii.
    - - As molecular weight increases down the group, the density decreases.
    - - as we go down the group the size of the atoms increases,