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Environmental Research Project (Suburbs) - Coggle Diagram
Environmental Research Project (Suburbs)
Car Reliance
Cars causing 30% of US emissions
https://www.brookings.edu/blog/the-avenue/2017/10/03/americans-commuting-choices-5-major-takeaways-from-2016-census-data/
"Crucially, as more commuters drive to work, their fuel-inefficient cars remain one of the gravest threats to environmental sustainability."
"It’s impossible to look at American commuting habits and not report the obvious: Americans are still largely dependent on the automobile. Over 76 percent of Americans drive alone to work every day"
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20211019-climate-change-how-the-us-can-drive-less
"Since the mid-20th Century, federal funding for transport has largely gone to car infrastructure such as highways"
"The country's skyrocketing car use isn't necessarily the fault of individual drivers. Historic development patterns and policies which continue to prop up car-dependent infrastructure"
Stroads
"However, EVs alone are not enough to tackle ballooning transport emissions. Cutting climate-warming gases by 2050 from light-duty transport solely by transitioning to EVs would strain the US electricity grid"
Stroads
https://www.thedrive.com/news/43700/an-argument-against-stroads-the-worst-kind-of-street
"Stroad" is a word we coined in 2013 to explain those dangerous, multi-laned thoroughfares you encounter in nearly every city, town, and suburb in America."
Environmental impact of low density housing
Causing Droughts
https://www.hcn.org/issues/53.6/south-water-rapid-growth-in-arizonas-suburbs-bets-against-an-uncertain-water-supply
"Almost all of Pinal County’s residential water supply comes from groundwater through enrollment in the CAGRD. But in 2019, the Arizona Department of Water Resources updated its groundwater model for the Pinal Active Management Areas and found that there isn’t enough water to meet all the projected demands for 100 years."
"The pandemic has only intensified that trend, with home sales increasing by nearly 12 percent in 2020. There’s just one problem: The region doesn’t appear to have enough water for all the planned growth."
"A 2019 report published by the Kyl Center warns that in the long term there likely won’t be enough surface water available from the Central Arizona Project to replenish the groundwater used by all the homes currently planned for the Phoenix suburbs."
Produce More pollution than Urban areas
https://news.berkeley.edu/2014/01/06/suburban-sprawl-cancels-carbon-footprint-savings-of-dense-urban-cores/
“Population dense suburbs also tend to create their own suburbs, which is bad news for the climate,”
“Metropolitan areas look like carbon footprint hurricanes, with dark green, low-carbon urban cores surrounded by red, high-carbon suburbs,”
"According to a new study by UC Berkeley researchers, population-dense cities contribute less greenhouse-gas emissions per person than other areas of the country, but these cities’ extensive suburbs essentially wipe out the climate benefits."
History of Suburbs
Explosion in the 50s
https://americanhistory.si.edu/america-on-the-move/city-and-suburb
"After the hardships and deprivations of World War II, the 1950s promised prosperity and a better life for many Americans. More families earned more money, bought cars, and bought or rented their own homes."
"The family car played a pivotal role in the daily life of America’s postwar suburbs."
"Middle- and working-class families rushed to buy or rent homes in the new developments."
Making a comeback
https://www.pointcentral.com/2021/03/31/multifamily-housing-trends-moving-to-the-suburbs/
"The exodus to the suburbs reflects changes within our society and economy. Many movers just want to reside closer to family, while less expensive housing is the primary draw for others."
"In a hot market shift, about one-third of the multifamily building has moved to the suburbs."
"As renters shift to the suburbs, many look for urban amenities to follow them, creating suburban cities. Single-family home construction is also on the rise, but with the affordability of multifamily and connected units, suburban cities dot the maps of once rural and low-density places."
Counterpoints
Urban centers also have massive impact
https://www.startribune.com/article/569641382/
"High density crowding and distancing are mutually exclusive. Even an urbanist should be able to see that."
Cars not going anywhere
https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2019/07/30/why-cars-will-always-be-a-main-form-of-transportation/?sh=2cd1f60d2ab8
"second, people outside of major metro areas aren’t necessarily getting access to convenient ride-sharing and micro mobility options on a regular enough basis to negate the need for a personal car."
"personal cars are great for those situations. In the future, as mobility and transportation solutions continue to become more convenient for us, we will opt to use these solutions when it makes sense, and we’ll continue to fly or drive when it makes sense."
"Cars provide flexibility and freedom that people really value and want"