Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Maria Chuc Garcia P.1 Cardiovascular System - Coggle Diagram
Maria Chuc Garcia
P.1
Cardiovascular System
Major components and functions of Blood
Functions:
Transport;
Delivering O2 & nutrients to body cell
Transporting metabolic wastes to lungs and kidney
Regulation
Body temp by absorbing and disturbing heat
Normal pH using buffers
Protection
Preventing Blood Loss; Platelets in blood form clot formation
Preventing Infection; Agents of Immunity are in blood
A type of Connective Tissue
Matrix; Nonliving fluid (plasma)
Cells: living blood cells (Formed Elements)
Blood Plasma: Straw-colored sticky fluid (90% water)
Nutrients, gases, hormones, wastes, proteins, and inorganic ions
Filled with Hemoglobin(Hb) for gas transport
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Angie Pectoris
Thoracic pain caused by a fleeting deficiency in blood delivery to the myocardium
Myocardial Infraction
Heart Attack
Congestive Heart Failure
Progressive condition; CO really low meaning low blood circulation
Reflected weakened myocardium caused by CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS
High blood pressure and multiple myocardial infarct; heart becomes weak as contractile cells are replaced
Varicose Veins
Dilatated and painful veins due to leaky valves
Can be heredity obesity, conditions that hinder venous return
Edma
Abnormal increase in the amount of interstitial fluid
Cause; Increase in outwards pressure or decrease in inward pressure
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
Electrocardiogram;
- ECG is a graphic recorder
TO measure voltage differences
-P wave; depolarization of SA node
QRS complex; Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
T wave; Ventricular Repolarization
P-R internal- Beginning of atrial excitation to beginning of ventricular excitation
S-T; entire ventricular myocardium depolarized
-Q-T interval; Beginning of ventricular depolarization through ventricular repolarization
Cardiac Cycle
; Blood flow through heart during one complete heartbeat
Atrial systole followed by ventricular
Cycle represents pressure of blood volume changes
Layers of the heart
Coverings of the Heart
Pericardium; Double-walled sac surrounding heart; 2 layers
Parietal Layer; Lines internal surface of the fibrous pericardium
Viscera Layers( Epicardium) external surface of the heart
Layers of the Heart Wall
3 layers
Epicardium; Visceral layer of serous pericardium
Myocardium; the muscular layer of the heart. It consists of cardiac muscle
Endocardium; innermost layer; continuous with endothelial lining of blood vessels
Major functions of the cardiovascular system
Supply nutrients and remove unnecessary waste
Brings oxygen to the blood by the process of Blood floe
Protect the body against diseases and Infection
-Cells receive nutrients
Structural and functional differences between blood vessel types (arteries, veins,
capillaries)
Veins
Carry blood toward heart
Formation starts with capillary bed and untie in post capillary venules and merge
HAVE VALVES
Arteries
Elastic Arteries; Thick walled with large, low resistance lumen
Muscular Arteries; Deliver blood to body organs
Arterioles
-Smallest of all arteries
Control flow of capillary beds via vasodilation
Capillaries
MICROSCOPIC
Walls thin tunica intima and are inside small vessels
Exchange gas, nutrients, wastes, and hormones between blood
Major blood vessels (names arteries and veins)
Aorta - Connected to the heart and transports oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
Superior Vena Cava; Revives blood
Pulmonary Artery; Deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary veins; Oxygenated blood
Coronary Veins Take oxygen-poor blood from muscles of the heart and return to right atrium
Pulmonary Trunk; Deoxygenated blood leads to the pulmonary artery.
ABO, Rh blood types
ABO Blood Groups
The presence or absence of two agglutinogens on the surface of RBC'S s
performed anti- A or anti-B antibodies
-
Rh Groups
; inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells
Groups
AB
; A& B Antigens and no plasma antibodies (Universal Recipient)
B
: B Antigens, Anti-A plasma antibodies
A
; A antigens and Anti-B plasma membrane
O
; None, Anti-A & B plasma membrane (Universal Donor)
Vital signs (BP and Pulse)
Blood Pressure
: Force per unit exerted on wall of blood vessels by blood
Systolic pressure;
pressure excreted aorta
Diastolic P
: Lowest level of Aortic Pressure
PULSE
; THUMP-THUMP of arteries
Vital Signs
Pulse and blood Pressure
Taking a pulse;
radial pulse> wrist
Pressure Points> Areas arteries close to body surface
Blood flow through the heart and body
Pathway Of Blood through Heart
DEOXYGENATED BLOOD
Superior/Inferior Vena Canva (SVC & IVC), Coronary Sinus
Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
4 Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary Artery
LUNGS
Oxygenated Blood:
From lungs to;
Four Pulmonary Veins
Left atrium
Mitral/Bicuspid Valve
Left Ventricle
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Aorta
WILL GO TO THE REST OF THE BODY
Anatomy of the heart (including all chambers, and valves)
Receiving Chambers of Heart;
Right atrium
; Receiving blood returning from systemic circuit
Left atrium
; Blood retuning from pulmonary circuit
Base
; Leans toward right shoulder
Apex
; Points toward left hip
Pumping champers of Heart
Right Ventricle
: Pumps blood through Pulmonary circuit
Left Ventricle
; Pumps blood through systemic circuit
Superior VC
; Return blood from body region above
Inferior VC
; Returns blood from body region below
Trabeculae Carnea;
Ridges of muscle on ventricular walls
Papillary Muscles
; Project into ventricular cavity
Tricuspid Valve
; 3 cusps and lies between eight atria and ventricle
Mitral Valve
; Made of 2 cusps and lies between atria and ventricle
Chordae Tendineae
; Anchor Cusps of AV valve
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve;
Located between right ventricular and pulmonary trunk
Aortic Semilunar Valve;
Between left ventricle and Aorta
