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Cardiovascular unit aleena alfaro period.1 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular unit
aleena alfaro
period.1
Major components and functions of Blood
exchange of gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones between blood
ABO, Rh blood types
BLOOD GROUP:
AB
ANTIGENS
A,B
ANTIBODIES:
none
BLOOD RECEIVED:
universal recipient
BLOOD GROUP:
B
ANTIGENS
B
ANTIBODIES:
A
BLOOD RECEIVED:
B,O
BLOOD GROUP:
A
ANTIGENS
A
ANTIBODIES:
A
BLOOD RECEIVED:
A, O
BLOOD GROUP:
O
ANTIGENS
NONE
ANTIBODIES:
A & B
BLOOD RECEIVED:
O
Major functions of the cardiovascular system
arteries
carries blood away from the heart
capillaries
carries blood to body
blood vessels
works to circulate fluids through blood
veins
carries blood to the heart
Anatomy of the heart (including all chambers, and valves)
CHAMBERS;
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
VALVES
tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, aortic valve, mitral (bicuspid) valve,
VENTRICLES
left and right ventricles
vena cava, aortic arch, ascending aorta, ligamentum arteriosum, left atrium, apex, right atrium, pulmonary trunk, brachiocephalic trunk, papillary muscles, interventricular septum, chordae tendineae
Layers of the heart
ENDOCARDIUM
MYOCARDIUM
EPICARDIUM
Blood flow through the heart and body
RIGHT: vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs
LEFT: pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body
Structural and functional differences between blood vessel types (arteries, veins,
capillaries)
arteries
have no valves
veins
have valves
capillaries
one cell thick
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
graphic recording of electrical activity
P wave: depolarization of SA node & atria
– QRS complex: ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
– T wave: ventricular repolarization
– P-R interval: beginning of atrial excitation to beginning of ventricular excitation
– S-T segment: entire ventricular myocardium depolarized
– Q-T interval: beginning of ventricular depolarization through ventricular repolarization
Major blood vessels (names arteries and veins)
pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery, left carotid artery, left subclavian artery coronary artery, great cardiac vein, circumflex artery
Vital signs (BP and Pulse)
VITAL SIGNS
pulse and blood pressure, along with respiratory rate and body
temperature
BP
blood pressure is taken using a sphygmomanometer and wrapping it around the arm
SYSTOLIC PRESSURE
normal: 120 mm Hg
DIASTOLIC PRESSURE
normal: 80 mm Hg
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
CO is so low that blood circulation is inadequate to meet
tissue needs
Tachycardia
abnormally fast heart rate
Bradycardia
heart rate slower than 60 beats/min
Arrhythmias
irregular heart rhythms
Fibrillation
rapid, irregular contractions
Heart murmurs
abnormal heart sounds heard when blood hits obstructions
Hypotension
Low blood pressure below 90/60 mm Hg
Circulatory shock
blood vessels inadequately fill and cannot circulate blood normally
Hypertension
arterial pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or higher