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Cardiovascular system Yareli Ramirez-Flores p.2 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular system Yareli Ramirez-Flores p.2
Major components of the blood the four main components of the blood is plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
White blood cells fight off infection and disease during exercise the numbers and activities increase so they seek for early on illnesses or diseases
platelets form blood clots and prevent from blood loss, during exercise they prevent bleeding from torn muscle tissue
Red blood cells- at rest : carry oxygen around the body.by a protein called hemoglobin during exercise they carry carbon dioxide and metabolic byproducts away from the muscle
Plasma - function is to carry cells around the body up to 90% of it is water and at least 55% blood volume. At rest plasma carries cells around the body. ex) blood cells, digested foods, wastes etc
during exercise; plasma regulates fluid by passing fluid to blood vessels to body muscles to dehydrate muscles
Major Function of the cardiovascular system Some of the major components of the cardiovascular system is to transport nutrients, gases, and waste products around the body. To protect the body of infection. To help maintain homeostasis. and to balance fluid around the body
Layers of the heart
myocardium middle layer consists of cardiac muscle and the thickest layer pumps blood out of the heart
endocardium inner layer made of connective and epithelium, continuous with the endothelial of major vessels joining the heart contains Perkins fibers
epicardium (visceral pericardium) Outermost layer; serous membrane made up of connective and epithelium tissue; decreases friction
vital signs
Blood types
Type Blood B has B antigens and has A anti-bodies
recipient B+ preferred donor B+ permissible donors B-, O-, O+
recipient B- preferred donr B- permissible donors O-
Type O (universal doner) can be given to any person - has no antigens and has both A and B anti-bodies
recipient O- preferred donor O- permissible donors none
recipient O+ preferred donor O+ permissible donors O-
Type A blood has A antigens and B anti-bodies
recipient A- preferred donr A- permissible donors O-
recipient A+ preferred donr A+ permissible donors A-, O-, O+
Type AB (universal recipient) - Can receive transfusion of red blood cells from any blood types has both A and B antigens and zero anti-bodies
recipient AB- preferred donor AB- permissible donors A-,B-, O-,
recipient AB+ preferred donor AB+ permissible donors A-, A+,B+, B-, O-, O+
Anatomy of the heart
The heart consists of arteries, veins, capillaries, pulmonary circuit, systemic circuit
systemic circuit sends oxgyen rich blood to all the body cells where it drops oxygen and picks up carbon dioxide
pulmonary circut to the lungs picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide
Veins transport blood towards the heart
capillaries are vessels that run between areries
arteries transport blood away from the heart
Coverings of the heart
pericardium membranous sac that encloses the heart consist in two parts
fibrous pericardium- outer, tough, connective tissue
Serous pericardium- inner more delicate doublr lsyer consist of
visceral pericardium (epicardium) inner layer if the serous membrane (covers the heart)
pericardial cavity space between visceral and parietal layers contain serous fluids for reducing fricion between layers
parietal pericardium outer layer of the serous membrane lines thr ineeer surface of thr fibrous pericardium