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Jenesis Perez Per.5 Cardiovascular System - Coggle Diagram
Jenesis Perez Per.5 Cardiovascular System
Layers of the heart
Myocardium
middle layer
cardiac muscle and thickest layer
pumps blood out of
chambers
Endocardium
Inner layer
connective tissue and
epithelium
Epicardium
outermost layer
connective tissue and
epithelium
Decreases friction
fibrous pericardium
outer and tough layer of connective tissue
serous pericardium
inner and more delicate double-layered
Major blood vessels
arteries
transport blood away from the heart
coronary arteries
pulmonary trunk/arteries
aorta
strong and elastic
divide to arterioles
3 layers of arteries and Veins
Tunica media- Thick middle layer
Tunica externa- Outermost connective tissue layer
Tunica interna- Innermost
veins
transport blood toward the heart
pulmonary veins
Superior and inferior vena cava
divide to venules
capillaries
vessels that run
between arteries and veins
smallest blood vessel
pulmonary capillaries
ABO, Rh blood types
Rh
positive
negative
only two ways in which an Rh-negative individual can have
contact with Rh-positive blood is a transfusion or pregnancy
Rh-negative woman carries an Rh-positive baby, may be
exposed to the Rh-positive blood during delivery
Mother will now make anti-Rh antibodies that could attack the blood of a future Rh-positive baby this is called erythroblastosis fetalis, or hemolytic disease of the fetus or newborn
RhoGAM- drug that is a anti-Rh antibody that binds to and shields the fetus’s RBCs from the mother’s immune system
ABO
B−
B−, O−
B+
B+, B−, O−, O+
A+
A+, A−, O−, O+
AB−
AB−, A−, B−, O−
A−
A−,O−
AB+
AB+, AB−, A−, A+, B−, B+, O−, O+
O+
O+, O−
O−
O−
Antibody
protein produced by the immune system to attack a specific antigen
Antigen
molecule that evokes an immune response
Vital signs (BP and Pulse)
pulse
found in in arteries but less in veins
BP (Blood Pressure)
Arterial blood pressure rises and falls according to a pattern
Force blood exerts against the inner walls of blood vessels
Major components and functions of Blood
RBCs
respiratory gas transport
Biconcave disks shape
flexible
one-third hemoglobin
transports oxygen and some carbon dioxide
oxyhemoglobin
bright red color
deoxyhemoglobin
dark red
erythropoiesis
RBC production
red bone marrow = hemopoiesis
life span 120 days
WBCs
formed from hemocytoblasts in red blood marrow
fights infection
Granulocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Plasma
liquid
wastes
proteins
nutrients
water
hormones
vitamins
gases
O2
CO2
N2
platelets
function- transports nutrients and oxygen to the body cells but also removes metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide
Platelets
stops bleeding
hemostasis
Cardiac cycle and the ECG
Cardiac cycle
ventricles
relax
ventricles contract
First the atria contract
atria relax
entire heart relaxes
cardiac muscle cells
intercalated discs and branch
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
recording of the electrical changes that happen
during a cardiac cycle
T Wave
ventricular repolarization
leads to
ventricular and atria relaxation
QRS Complex
depolarization of ventricles
contraction of the ventricles
repolarization of the atria
P Wave
first wave
depolarization of
the atria
contracts the atria
Major functions of the cardiovascular system
heart and blood vessels
supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing wastes from them from the body
Blood flow through the heart and body
the left atrium through the bicuspid/mitral valve
to the left ventricle through the Aortic valve to the Aorta through the body
Blood goes to lungs then enters that heart through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium through the
The the right ventricle to through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery/ trunk
The right atrium through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle
Blood from the body enters through the superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus to the right atrium
Anatomy of the heart (including all chambers, and valves)
Tricuspid valve
prevent back flow from right atrium and right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
prevent back flow from right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Right ventricle
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
prevent back flow from left atrium and left ventricle
Superior and inferior vena cava
Aortic valve
prevent back flow from left ventricle and Aortic
right atrium
left atrium
aorta
aortic semilunar
valve
coronary arteries and cardiac veins
coronary sinus
large vein that empties into the right atrium
pulmonary veins
pulmonary trunk/arteries
chordae tendinae
heart strings
papillary muscles
attach to chordae tendinae
apex and base
Disorders of the cardiovascular system
Coronary thrombosis
clot in heart vessels
Pulmonary embolism
clot in lung
anemia
deficiency in red blood cells
Infarction
blocks blood flow or heart attack
Atherosclerosis
build up fat in vessels
hemolytic disease
Mother will now make anti-Rh antibodies that could attack the fetus or newborn