Heart:
-Its hollow, cone-shaped, muscular pump within mediastinum in the thoracic cavity
-Average adult is 14cm long & 9cm wide
-It lies between the lungs, anterior to the vertebral column behind the sternum
-Base is beneath the second rib
-Apex extends to the 5th intercostal space
-Pericardium is a membranous sac that encloses the heart
-Parietal Pericardium: outer layer of the serous membran, lines the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium
-Visceral Pericardium (epicardium): inner layer of the serous membrane, covers heart
-Pericardial Cavity: space between the visceral & parietal layers, contains serous fluid for reducing friction between the layers
-Wall of heart:
-Epicardium (Visceral Pericardium): outermost layer, serous membrane made up of connective tissue & epithelium, decreases friction in heart
-Myocardium: middle layer, consists of cardiac muscle & is the thickest layer of heart wall, pumps blood out of hear chambers
-Endocardium: inner layer, made up of connective tissue & epithelium, continuous with endothelium of major vesselsjoinig the heart