Absent voluntarily induced consciousness, cannot be culpable for actions while unconscious

GR no legal duty to act or aid absent a source of duty

present @ scene and commits at least 1 element of the crime

present @ scene, assists but does not commit any element of the crime

1) acts with the culpability required (if there is one) for the result element of the offense AND 2) purpose is to promote or facilitate the conduct of the offense.

asking or encouraging someone to commit a crime

specific intent for said crime to be committed

Preformed acts or gave encouragement which aided and assisted the commission of the crime.

1) intent to do that acts that constitute assistance of the primary party AND 2) intent that such assistance will result in the commission of the offense charged

CANNOT be charged if principal is not convicted nor convicted of a higher charge than the principal AND CANNOT be tried before principal

specific intent to achieve the object of the agreement

merges into the completed crime. liable for committed crime.

requires an overt act committed in furtherance of the conspiracy

substantial step beyond mere preparation towards completion of a crime

an act with a dangerous propensity towards completion of a crime

notifying co-conspirators you are withdrawing from the conspiracy in time for them to abandon their plans.

voluntarily withdrawing from conspiracy AND thwarting success of the conspiracy

factual impossibility

fraudulent conversion of property lawfully held in trust by criminal

taking title to property through misrepresentation

intent to permanently deprive person of their property

taking away another person's property in their possession OR in their presence by trespass via force or threat of force now

specific intent to commit felony within the dwelling

breaking and entering a dwelling of another at night

breaking and entering any structure of another

That the crime was impossible to commit

When, as a result of mental disease or defect D 1) COGNITIVE lacked substantial capacity to appreciate the criminality (or moral wrongfulness) of their conduct OR 2) VIOLATION D lacked substantial capacity to conform their conduct to the requirements of law

All or nothing approach—requires total incapacity of cognition (how you perceive the world). ONLY LOOKS at cognition does not look at violation (one's will being overcome)

When an individual takes intoxicating substance 1) w/o knowledge of its nature, 2) under direct duress by another, 3) under medical advice w/o knowledge of its intoxicating effects.

When intoxication is self induced, doesn't matter if you intended to become intoxicated, AND intoxication prevented D from formulating required intent

specific intent crimes=ANY mistake

mistake of law is NOT a defense

If D reasonably believed deadly force was necessary to defend against imminent unlawful deadly force or serious bodily injury.

If D reasonably believed the force used was necessary to defend against imminent unlawful force.

taking away another person's property in their possession (does not need to be done in their presence) by trespass via threat of future force

intent to permanently deprive person of their property

intent to permanently deprive true owner, AND knowledge that property was illegally obtained

gaining possession (doesn't have to be physical, can be constructive such as arranging it to be sold) and control of property that was illegally obtained at time of receipt

creating or altering a written document with purported legal significance to be false

ONLY LOOKS at incapacity of violation does not look at cognition. Under this test person can know what they are doing is wrong (have cognitive capacity).