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Citizen Involvement - Coggle Diagram
Citizen Involvement
Interest Groups - organized around set or views who try to engage with others
Goals
Protect groups interests
Promote group's interests
Benefits & Costs
Rational choice
Material, solidary, or purposive benefits
Selective benefits
Public Good
Free rider - enjoys benefits
Collective Action - group works together for public goods
Formation Theories
Pluralist explanation - form by reactions
by-product theory - offering benefits
exchange theory
Political Resources
Membership
Money
Leadership and Expertise
Lobbying - attempt to influence public policymaking on behalf of the individual/group
Lobbyist - individual whose job is to influence governmental officals
Direct & Indirect
Coalition Building - expand group
Logrolling - exchange of support
Political Action Committees - raise $$ for interest group
Super PAC
Federal Election Campaign Act
Hard $ & Soft $
Political Parties - organization that nominates and runs candidates for office under its own label
Membership
Party in the electorate
Party in government
Party organization
Incentives
Party Professionals
Policy-motivated activists
Political machine
Two party system
One-party system
Multiparty system
Third parties (minor)
Electoral Rules
Proportional representation
Parliamentary System - majority of seats in legislature selects chief executive
Presidential system - chief executive and legislature are elected independently
What political parties do
Facilitate participation
Promote government responsiveness
Promote government accountability
Promote stability and peaceful resolution
Strengths
Divided government - the power is not with no group all the time
Straight-ticket voters - vote for same party
Party vote
Party polarization