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Urban Sprawl and Public Health, Almendra Teycalco García García -…
Urban Sprawl and Public Health
Urban sprawl
Land use
Housing
Retail stores
offices
industry
recreational facilities
Parks
Transportation
Social space
Economic development
Direct effects of reliance on automobiles
One of the features of sprawl is
driving
. Automobile use offers extraordinary
personal mobility
and
independence.
Physical activity
People
use cars
more than other alternatives like
walking or cycling.
Whish begins to affect the health of the citizens
.
People do less physical activity.
A sedentary life.
Cardiovascular disease.
Stroke
Hypertension
High cholesterol.
Smoking
Motor vehicle crashes and pedestrian injuries and fatalities.
More driving means greater exposure to the dangers of the road, translating to a
higher probability of a motor vehicle crash.
High speed.
High traffic volume.
frequent "crub cuts"
Aire pollution
The sheer quantity of vehicle miles driven results in large releases of
carbon monoxide, ozone, carbon dioxide, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons
into the air.
High ozone levels associate with
respiratory symptoms, worse lung function, more hospitalizations and medication
.
Motor vehicles are also a major source of other greenhouse gases, including
methane, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds.
Water quantity and quiality
Less rain is absorbed
Affects the plants of the area.
Contamination in the water makes it undrinkable.
Less access to groundwater.
Social aspects of sprawl
Mental Health
Stress
Stress-related health problems
Physical ailments
Back pain
Cardiovascular disease
Self-reported stress
as people spend
more time on crowded roads.
Road rage
Aggressive driving behavior.
Enviromental justice considerations
Poor people
and members of
minority groups
are disproportionately
exposed to enviromental hazards.
When
resources migrate
outwards from the core city,
poverty is concentrated
in the neighborhoods that are left behind.
Contributes with the
burden of disease and mortality.
Air pollution
Breathing problems such as asthma.
Racial / Ethnic differences.
Overweight problems.
Almendra Teycalco García García - A01746426
