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THE OCCUPATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE COLONIES, image, image, image,…
THE OCCUPATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE COLONIES
During the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries
colonisation by European powers
except for in America
was limited to an exchange of goods
with the indigenous population
The 3 stages
Political and administrative control
this was executed by a small group of Europeans:
the governor
organised
the administration
military commanders
were in charge of maintaining order by
controlling indigenous rebellions
high-level civil servants
Organisation of the colonial economy
this involved:
the exploitation of the natural resources
the indigenous population of the colony
in order to supply the colonising power
with
raw materials
sources of energy
The colony then bought the products manufactured
in the colonising country
Occupation by conquest
the colonising power used its military advantage
over the
peoples
countries it wanted to conquer
Each colony had a specific value
for the colonising country
Colony values:
Settler colonies
had a socio-economic value
The majority of the population of these colonies
were emigrants from the colonising country
These colonies were considered
overseas provinces
and enjoyed a certain governmental autonomy
Examples:
Australia
New Zealand
which were all under British control
Canada
Exploitation colonies
had economic value
For example:
India was an exploitation colony of
Great Britain
The indigenous population were governed by
a white minority originating from the colonising country
who exploited the area economically
Protectorates
were areas of strategic interest
The indigenous population maintained its own
government
but under the supervision of the colonising power,
who:
controlled foreign policy
the defence of the area
administration
For example:
Egypt was a protectorate of
Great Britain
Morocco was a protectorate of
France
Spain
During the age of imperialism
(1870–1914)
the colonising powers wanted complete
economic
territorial
control of their colonies
political
