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Lexical cohesion - Coggle Diagram

- - - - repetition of some kind
      - same referent - the, without identity or referent, occurrence of synonyms, hyponym
      - A) repetition (simple/complex)
        
        don’t call your friend… you want me to call your friend
      - B) substitution (ellipsis)
        
        Mary likes driving but she would never make a good driver.
      - C) equivalence (synonymy)
        
        Finding a job is difficult… I have been looking for work.
      - D) generalization (hyponymy)
        
        I will not vote for Labour. Actually, for any political party.
      - E) (co)specification (from general to specific)
        
        Birds have wings, some species, such as penguins and nandus, cannot fly.
      - F) contrast (antonymy)
        
        There has been a rise in birth rate… and a decline in death rate.
    - - A) ordered set
        
        (colours, numbers, days of the week…)
        
        Indigo … blue and violet color
      - B) activity related collocation
        
        (related to scenarios, actions -> driving a car, writing a book
        
        Fly locally … plane
      - C) elaborative collocation
        
        (related to mental frames, shared world knowledge
        
        going to a
        restaurant, having a class)
        
        UK - withdraw - EU
- - - - sentences or paragraphs
    - - entire text
    - - their members are related by co-reference (refer to the same
        event or action)
        
        John came late. He was tired.
      - Typically realised by:
        
        repetition
        
        substitution
        
        equivalence
        
        generalization
    - - their members are related either by co-classification or coextension,
        
        they belong to the same general field of meaning - similar actions,
        
        events, objects
        
        Typically realised by:
        
        repetition
        
        co-specification
        
        generalization
        
        contrast