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IELTS 5.5 Writing, graphs and bar charts, evaluating a part 2 essay,…

- - - - You will get more marks if you give specific examples to support your points.
        
        It can be something that happened to you or a friend, something you read or something that happens in your country.
        
        Make sure it provides evidence of the point you are making
    - - Using pronouns is a way of avoiding repetition
      - Example:
        
        I can think of many drawbacks. The first drawback is the cost.
        
        The second sentence should be rewritten like this: The first one is the cost.
    - - To what extent do you agree or disagree? mean How strongly do you agree or disagree? Use phrases like:
        
        I strongly agree
        
        I tend to disagree
    - - Opinion (agree?)
        
        Opposing argument + why I disagree
        
        Opposing argument + why I disagree
        
        Restate opinion
      - Opinion
        
        My main arguments
        
        Opposing arguments
        
        Restate opinion
      - General introduction (no opinion)
        
        Arguments for
        
        Arguments against
        
        My opinion (given for the first time)
  - - - media
        
        newspaper
        
        fortune - ˈfôrCHən - tài sản
        
        website
    - - reporter - rəˈpôrdər - phóng viên
        
        photographer
        
        celebrity - səˈlebrədē - danh nhân, người nổi tiếng
        
        fan
        
        model
        
        paparazzi - thợ săn ảnh
        
        blogger
        
        star
    - - wealthy - ˈwelTHē - giàu có
        
        popular
        
        talented
        
        famous
        
        well-known
- - - - You have to write an essay of about 250 words.
        
        There are different types of question
        
        You must write a well-organised answer considering different points of view
        
        The topics are all general and do not need special knowledge
    - - Read newspapers and websites to find out about current issues
      - Avoid being totally neutral: even if you don't have an opinion on the topic, it is better to agree or disagree. Choose the side you can find the most points for
    - - It is important to begin your essay with a clear introduction
      - An introduction should contain:
        
        background information about the topic or a description of the present situation (Nowadays you can find a supermarket in every town.)
        
        a brief plan of your essay. (I will consider both sides of the argument and give my own view.)
        
        An introduction may also contain:
        
        your opinion (I think there are too many supermarkets.)
        
        An introduction should not contain:
        
        your main point for or against (Supermarket give jobs to local people)
        
        supporting evidence for the points (In my city in China we have five different supermarkets.)
    - - to write a well-developed argument you need to include main points and examples which support them.
  - - - disadvantages, drawbacks, negative aspects
    - - all things considered, in my view, personally
    - - advantages, benefits, positive aspects
- - - - First, In the initial stages of the process
      - Next, The next stage, Then, After that
      - Finally, The final stage, The last stage involves
  - - - rewrite the task question in your own words
    - - a summary of process
- - - - between 1992 and 1996
      - from 21% to 29%
      - by about 4%
      - 17% of the population
    - - growth (N)
        
        sự phát triển, sự tăng thêm
        
        grow --> grew --> grown
      - rise (V,N)
        
        trỗi dậy, lên
        
        rise --> rose --> risen
      - increase (V,N)
        
        tăng lên
        
        increase --> increased --> increased
    - - decline (V,N)
        
        sự suy giảm (dəˈklīn)
        
        decline --> declined --> declined
      - fall (V,N)
        
        rơi, ngã xuống, rớt xuống (fôl)
        
        fall --> fell --> fallen
      - drop (V,N)
        
        làm rơi, ngả xuống (dräp)
        
        drop --> dropped --> dropped
      - decrease (V,N)
        
        giảm bớt, giảm, hạ xuống
        
        decrease --> decreased --> decreased
  - - - describing a pie chart
        
        over a third
        
        a little under a third (dưới một phần ba một chút)
        
        just under a sixth (chỉ dưới một phần sáu)
        
        about 1 in 10 (khoảng 1 phần 10)
        
        in your descriptions, include phrases like these, as well as the actual numbers (cũng như con số thực tế)
- - - - Paragraph 1
        
        Introduction - a general opening sentence (a paraphrase of the question)
        -> I agree or I disagree - in this essay I will give reasons
      - Paragraph 2
        
        Summarise the opposite view: Some people believe
        -> Say why you disagree with them - give your main point
      - Paragraph 3
        
        Give your view - at least two more points, with supporting evidence
      - Paragraph 4
        
        Conclusion - state your view again and give a brief (tóm tắt) summary of your main arguments
    - - In the exam, leave a few minutes at the end to read through your essay with a checklist like this one in your mind
        
        Are you paragraphs clearly shown? (leave a line or indent)
        
        Have I used linking words and expressions?
        
        Have I used phrases to introduce my opinion?
        
        Are my tenses correct (mostly present and future)?
        
        Have I checked my spelling, grammar and punctuation?
  - - - Go running / go for a run
        
        Go to the cinema
        
        See a film / watch a film
        
        visit friends / visit some friends
        
        play sport / play sports
        
        join a club
        
        go walking / go for a walk (slight difference in meaning)
        
        go to the gym
- - - - the conclusion is a very important part of your essay. It is the last thing the examiner reads, so it must be good.
      - Things should be included:
        
        A concluding phrase - So, in conclusion, we can say that ...
        
        Your opinion - Personally, I feel that there is a limit to what we can do.
        
        A summary of your ideas - In short, all types of pollution are increasing.
        
        Your answer to the question
    - - In this essay I will ... - to explain your plan
        
        In my view, ... - to introduce an opinion
        
        Another reason for ... - to introduce a similar point
        
        On the other hand, ... - to introduce the opposite view
        
        For instance, ... - to introduce an example
        
        It is clear that ... - to introduce a main point
        
        To conclude, ... - to begin your final paragraph
    - - some questions have two parts to them. Your essay must answer both parts. Your two main paragraphs should answer one part of the question each.
    - - one use of the present perfect tense is to talk about actions that happened in the past which have results in the present.
      - Introductions often contain a sentence or two in the present perfect tense. Showing how the past affected the present is often a good way to introduce the topic.
- - - - The Founder's Building is between (ở giữa) the Watson Building and the Scott Library
      - The recreation area is next to the laboratories.
      - There are two car parks on (trong) the campus
      - The halls of residence are opposite (đối diện) the Students' Union
      - There are two places to eat on the campus
      - The table tennis tables are in front of the sco
      - The bus stop is in the top right-hand-corner.
      - The halls of residence are on the left side of the campus
      - The bus stop is in the upper right-hand corner (góc trên bên phải) of the campus
    - - regular (có quy tắc) and irregular (bất quy tắc) forms
        
        regular
        
        expanded
        
        changed
        
        developed
        
        moved
        
        created
        
        increased
        
        needed
        
        planted
        
        irregular
        
        made
        
        was
        
        built
        
        became
        
        cut
        
        put
        
        dig --> dug (đào xới)
        
        catch --> caught
      - active and passive
        
        The university developed the campus during this period. - active
        
        The subject (the university) did the action
        
        The verb is a single word (developed)
        
        New halls of residence were built. -- passive
        
        The subject (new halls of residence) didn't do the action (build), but someone else did the action to it.
        
        The verb consists of two words: the correct form of be (were) + past participle(built)
    - - bank
        
        ngân hàng
      - gym
        
        phòng tập gym
      - bus stop
        
        trạm dừng xe buýt
      - library
        
        thư viện
      - car park
        
        bãi đổ xe ô tô
      - halls of residence
        
        ký túc xá
      - lecture theatres
        
        giảng đường
      - tennis courts
        
        sân quần vợt
      - post office
        
        bưu điện
      - laboratories
        
        các phòng thí nghiệm
      - recreation area
        
        khu vui chơi giải trí
      - facilities
        
        cơ sở, cơ sở vật chất
    - - vocabulary
        
        mean 'and'
        
        in addition, what is more
        
        mean 'but'
        
        whereas, however
        
        refer to time
        
        during this period, in the past
        
        refer to what you see in the chart or diagram
        
        we can see, it is clear
        
        moved to a different place
        
        relocated
        
        made
        
        created, developed
        
        knocked down
        
        demolished
        
        got bigger
        
        expanded, increased (in size)
        
        verbs describing change
        
        was relocated, increased, were moved, was built, were demolished, created, developed, changed, expanded
        
        expressions describing where things are
        
        in front of, to the right, in the top left-hand corner, the far left of the campus, opposite
      - It is important to use plenty of different words in the essay to show you have a wide vocabulary. Make a list of similar words in your notebook and try to use them when writing your practice essays
- - - - first sentence should introduce both of diagrams
      - your overview should summarise both of diagrams
    - - 34% - just over a third
      - 26% - about a quarter
      - 10% - one in ten
      - 1% - a tiny proportion
    - - most
        
        The most popular type of takeaway is Chinese.
      - least
        
        The three least popular types are Mexican, Greek, Japanese.
      - more
        
        More people like Chinese food than Indian food.
      - less
        
        Japanese food is less than popular than Thai food.
      - fewer
        
        Fewer people like Chinese food than Indian food.
    - - comparisons
        
        More and less are used with uncountable nouns
        
        More and fewer are used with countable nouns
      - vocabulary
        
        countable
        
        animal
        
        language
        
        farm - färm - nông trại
        
        country
        
        restaurant
        
        home
        
        person - ˈpərs(ə)n - một người
        
        uncountable
        
        land - land - đất đai
        
        When land means country, it is countable.
        
        coffee
        
        meat
        
        oil
        
        sand - sand - cát
    - - approximately 4000
        
        3946
      - about a hundred
        
        103
      - just under / a little under 9000
        
        8950
      - just over/ a little over 2000
        
        2019
      - between 7000 and 7500
        
        7223
      - around half a million
        
        500070