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IELTS 5.5 Reading, vocabulary, how to do exam skils, true / false / not…

- - - - Before you look for the answer to a question, it helps if you find the key words - the most important words -in the question. This will help you find the information you need.
        Example: What do young people often think about older family members?
    - - When you are answering a question
        
        • Decide on the key words in the question and think of words with a similar meaning.
        
        • Move your eyes quickly across and down the text, looking for the key words, or words that mean the same. Don't read every word. This is callled 'scanning'.
        
        • If the text has headings,use them to help you decide which part of the text to look at first.
        
        • When you find a keyword, read the text around it to make sure you have found the right information.
      - Some grammar words
        (e.g. a, the, some) can be omitted in order to get the right number of words
    - - The instructions tell you how many words you can use
      - test if you can find the right part of the text quickly and understand the information.
      - To find information quickly, don't read every word. Don't try to say the words. Move your eyes quickly across and down the text.Use your finger if you find it useful.
      - have to answer questions using up to three words, or up to two words and/or a number
  - - - believe something is important
    - - (have an) effect (on)
    - - worried; not able to relax
    - - dealt with, had experience of
    - - caring only about yourself and not other people
    - - get (something positive)
    - - a well-known phrase giving advice
    - - be grateful for
  - - - the present simple tells us about regular events
        
        adverbs of frequency are common with this tense
- - - - burger - ˈbərɡər
        
        bánh mì kẹp thịt
      - chips
        
        khoai tây chiên
      - noodle - ˈno͞odl
        
        bún
      - vegetable - ˈvejtəb(ə)l
        
        rau
    - - cereal - ˈsirēəl
        
        ngũ cốc
      - chicken - ˈCHikən
        
        gà
      - curry - ˈkərē
        
        cà ri
      - fish - fiSH
        
        cá
      - mashed potato - maSHt pəˈtādō
        
        khoai tây nghiền
      - rice - rīs
        
        cơm
      - salad - ˈsaləd
        
        xà lách, món rau trộn
      - toast - tōst
        
        nướng
- - - - First, skim the text (read it very quickly) so you know what it is about
      - Next, look at the main part of the questions (NOT the options A, B, C, D) and decide which words will help you find the answer. There are the 'key' words.
      - Then, read the text again quickly. This time you are only looking for the key words or words which mean the same. That is the part of text where the answer is.
    - - Identify the key words (the most important words) in the question
      - Find the part of the passage that gives the answer
      - Try to answer the question yourself
      - Look at the options and find the one that matches your answer
- - - - The notes usually only relate to one part of the passage.
        
        Find the correct part and read it in detail.
        
        The information in the notes may not be in the same order as in the passage
    - - Read the instructions carefully. Check how many words you can use. Do the words need to come from the passage or from a box of words that you are given?
        
        Read the notes carefully
        
        Think of similar words to the key words in the notes
        
        Decide what kind of word is needed in the gap. Use clues like prepositions (in, from) and articles (a, an , the)
        
        Find the relevant part of the passage. Look out for the similar words you noted earlier.
        
        Find a word or words that seem to fit.
        
        Read the notes carefully with your words added.
        
        Make sure that the completed notes match the meaning of the passage and that your words match the grammar of the sentences.
  - - - There are more sentence endings than you need.
        
        In this question type you are given in the first part of some sentences.
        
        You have to choose the correct ending from a list
    - - Read the sentence beginning carefully.
        
        Find the key words and think of some similar words for them.
        
        Find the part of the text where the answer is.
        
        Read the sentences carefully, looking out for the key words or similar words.
        
        Remember the information may be presented in a different order from the question.
        
        Try to complete the sentence in your own words.
        
        Check the list and find an ending that similar to yours.
        
        Check that the completed sentence is grammatical and that the meaning matches the text.
        
        If the answer is a noun, check that you have used the correct form: singular or plural.
      - Don't be tricked by endings that have words and phrases from the text in them. It doesn't mean the ending is correct.
    - - the modals can and could are used to talk about ability in the present and past.
        
        Dolphins can tell when a woman is pregnant.
        
        Yang fun found she couldn't move her legs due to the freezing temperatures.
      - Modal verbs may, might and could are used when something is possible but not certain:
        
        Expert think dolphins may understand that humans are similar to them.
  - - - conservation (ˌkänsərˈvāSH(ə)n - sự bảo tồn) - protection
        
        group of dolphins (ˈdälfəns - cá heo ) - pod (đàn cá heo)
        
        automatic - instinctive (inˈstiNG(k)tiv - thuộc về bản năng)
        
        against the killing of (chống lại sự giết hại của) - for the protection of (để bảo vệ)
        
        came to his rescue (ˈreskyo͞o - đến để giải cứu anh ấy) - saved the life of (đã cứu sống)
    - - predator (ˈpredədər - động vật ăn thịt) - prey (prā - con mồi)
        
        survive ( sərˈvīv - sống sót)- die
- - - - have to choose words to complete a summary of the text, or part of the text.
      - sometimes the instructions tell you to choose words from the passage to fill the gaps
      - sometimes you are given words in a box and you have to choose the correct ones
    - - Notice that gap1 is followed by an adj (new) and a noun (sports).
        
        This tells you that the word you need could be an adverb or an adjective.
        
        There are adjectives in the box, but no adverbs.
        
        The adjective are boring and strange
        
        A writer is unlikely to suggest boring sports.
        
        The answer is strange. This matches what the text says
- - - - you get a list of people, places or things and a list of sentences
        
        you need to match each sentence with a person/places/thing
      - the questions will not be in the same order as the passage but the options e.g. people/ place will be in text order. You will need to jump around the passage a bit rather than (thay vì) reading it from beginning to end.
    - - only use information from the passage to answer the question, even if you think some information in the passage is correct.
      - Scan the text for the list of things. If possible, underline them.
        
        Find the key words in sentences and underline them.
        
        Find every time the thing (e.g. Youtube) is mentioned in the passage. Read all the information about it.
  - - - tests your ability to decide if statements represent the writer's views. The views will be not be stated directly.
    - - When you have found the part of the text which contains the answer, read every word carefully. Sometimes a small word can change the meaning completely. For example, if the writer says people are too friendly, the positive adjective 'friendly' become negative.
      - You should be able to tell from the statement which part of the text to read in order to find the answer. If you can't answer Yes or No for that part of the text, the answer is Not Given. You do not need to continue searching in the rest of the text.
      - Read each statement carefully. The statements come in the order of the text.
        
        Sometimes you will need to read the whole passage quickly to decide; for other statements you only need to read a sentence or two.
        
        Remember the statement might not use exactly the same words as in the passage.
    - - If you want to become known on Twitter, you will need to post lots of entertaining content.
        --> two clauses
        
        the if clause is in the present tense.
        
        the result clause has will / won't + infinitive
- - - - the headings you have to match will be a paraphrase of the main idea of the paragraph
      - Don't expect the same words to be used in the headings and the passage
      - the headings may contain
        
        synonyms
        
        antonyms
        
        words which mean the opposite
        
        paraphrase
      - as you prepare for your exam
        
        make a list of synonyms in your notebook
        
        knowing different ways to say things is one of the key skills in IELTS
    - - will + infinitive
        
        is used for prediction
        
        something the writer believes about the feature. It does not have to be based on the present evidence
        
        The mall will go from strength to strength (ngày càng tốt hơn) --> this is the writer's prediction or belief (bəˈlēf - niềm tin) about the feature
      - going to + infinitive
        
        is used when there is a link to present
        
        for example if something is already planned or a change has started
        
        Mall owners are going to need to think of new ideas to remain in business
        --> We see from the text that many malls have already started thinking of new ideas.
    - - tests your ability to summarise and understand the main idea of a paragraph
      - you are given a list of headings (more than the number of paragraphs) and you must choose a suitable heading for each paragraph
      - to match headings
        
        need to able to find the main idea of a paragraph
        
        can usually find one sentence that sums up the main idea
        
        this is the topic sentences
        
        the topic sentence is often, but not always, the first sentence in a paragraph, so that is the first place to look
  - - - buy clothes - mua áo quần
        go climbing (ˈklīmiNG) - đi leo núi
        have a snack - ăn một bữa ăn nhẹ
        see a film - xem một bộ phim
        buy or rent an apartment - mua hoặc thuê một căn hộ
        go in a hot air balloon (bəˈlo͞on) - đi khinh khí cầu
        have a beauty treatment - có một liệu pháp làm đẹp
      - ski - trượt tuyết
        see an art exhibition (ˌeksəˈbiSH(ə)n) - xem một cuộc triển lãm nghệ thuật
        check your health - kiểm tra sức khoẻ
        have an expensive meal - ăn một bữa ăn đắt tiền
        see plants and trees - xem cây cối
    - - innovate (ˈinəˌvāt - đổi mới)
        
        think of new ideas
      - stay alive
        
        remain in business
      - expanding
        
        becoming bigger
      - improving
        
        becoming better
      - natural world
        
        environment
      - city center
        
        downtown
- - - - skimming
        
        reading the passage quickly to get an idea of what it is about (nó nói về cái gì)
      - scanning
        
        reading the passage quickly, looking for particular information in the text, for example, the answer to a question
      - steps
        
        Before you look at the questions, read through the passage quickly. Don't spend more than a minute on this.
        
        Skim over (don't spend time on) words like the, they, our, through
        
        Notice the 'content' words, such as nouns and verbs, to get an idea of what the passage is about
        
        read the questions
        
        Scan the passage for the answers. Let your eyes move quickly over text until you see one of the keywords from the question, or words that have a similar meaning.
        
        Read that part of the passage carefully until you find the answer
    - - houseboat
        
        homes on the water
      - privacy
        
        not being watched by others
      - surrounded by the natural world
        
        having nature all around
      - permanently
        
        forever, always
      - uncomfortable
        
        not feeling pleasant (hài lòng, dễ chịu)
      - Sweden, Norway and Finland
        
        Nordic countries
    - - As part of your first quick look at the passage, identify whether it is written mainly in the past, present or future, and if the tense changes. This may help you understand the passage
    - - igloo (nhà tuyết)
      - treehouse
      - houseboat
      - shipping container homes
      - housing shortage (thiếu nhà ở) = the lack of houses
      - reindeer skins (da tuần lộc)
    - - have to complete a sentence with up to three words (or two words and/or a number) taken from the passage.
      - the instructions will tell you how many words you are allowed to use
      - how to do
        
        Underline key words from sentences
        
        Scan the text for the key words or words that mean something similar
        
        Read the sentences near the key words carefully
        
        Find the words that seem to fit the sentence
        
        Check that the meaning of the sentence matches the meaning of the text
        
        Check the grammar of the completed sentence
        
        Check if the word(s) should be singular or plural
        
        Check that you have used the correct number of words
- - - - học thuật, hàn lâm
  - - - học tập hỗn hợp
  - - - học tập suốt đời
  - - - bằng cấp
  - - - hội thảo, chuyên đề, thuyết trình
  - - - giáo dục tiểu học
  - - - bằng cấp, năng lực
- - - - văn phòng
  - - - người sử dụng lao động
  - - - công việc
  - - - việc kinh doanh
  - - - sự nghỉ hưu