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Respiration, Enzymes - Coggle Diagram
Respiration
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Aerobic respiration:
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When a C-C bond is broken, energy is released. Enzymes are involved in the breaking down of the bonds. C is converted to carbon dioxide and H is converted to water and energy is given out.
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Some of the heat is also given out, which the homeothermic animals use to retain body temperature.
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Anaerobic respiration:
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As with aerobic respiration, the reaction takes place in small steps and several enzymes are needed.
During vigorous exercise, the body switches to anaerobic respiration to satisfy the needs of respiring muscle cells.
Glucose ---> Lactic acid (Causes muscle cramps, immediately disposed).
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Rest, Hard exercise and recovery: Respiration
Rest: All respiration is aerobic. Normal breathing and heart rates can supply tissues with all the oxygen they need. Glucose + oxygen ----> Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
Heart rate: 70 bpm
Breathing: 15 breaths/ min
Hard exercise: Respiration is mainly anaerobic. Very high heart rates and breathing still cannot provide the muscles with enough oxygen for respiration. Glucose---> Energy + Lactic acid
Heart rate: 140 bpm
Breathing: 50 breathes per minute.
The muscles get energy without 'paying' for it with oxygen. they are running up an oxygen debt.
Recovery: Paying off oxygen debt. The breathing and heart rate remain high, even though the muscles are at rest. the extra oxygen is used to convert lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water, in the liver. Oxygen debt is paid off.
Heart rate: 140 bpm falling to normal after some minutes
Breathing: 50 breathes per minute, falling to normal after some minutes.
Panting and rapid heartbeat continue until lactic acid is completely removed.
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