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IMPERIALISM image -…

- - - - political control
      - economic exploitation
- - - - Belgium
        
        the Congo
      - Germany
        
        Togo
        
        South-West Africa (Namibia)
        
        Cameroon
        
        Tanzania
      - Portugal
        
        Mozambique
        
        Angola
      - Spain
        
        part of the Sahara (Rio de Oro)
        
        Equatorial Guinea
        
        the north of Morocco
    - - It was defeated by Japan
      - Tried to conquer
        
        Siberia
        
        Central Asia
    - - It was smaller than the British empire
      - It included
        
        Africa
        
        north-west Africa
        
        the island of Madagascar
        
        South-East Asia
        
        America
        
        French New Guinea
        
        some islands in the Caribbean
    - - in Latin America
        
        Cuba
        
        Puerto Rico
        
        Panama
      - in the Pacific
        
        the islands of the Philippines
        
        the islands of Hawaii
    - - British colonisation started before, by getting
        
        Malta
        
        Ceylon
        
        Gibraltar
        
        the Maldives
      - during the 20th century, the British empire extended to
        
        Africa
        
        America
        
        Asia
      - Most important possessions were
        
        India
        
        Australia
      - in 1877
        
        Queen Victoria of England was named Empress of India
        
        After this, the British empire started to expand quicker
        
        East Africa was conquered
    - - Manchuria
        
        Russo-Japanese war against Russia (1904–1905)
      - Korea
- - - - with the exception of America
  - - - a small group of Europeans
        
        the governor and high-level civil servants
        
        organised the administration
        
        military commanders
        
        maintained order by controlling indigenous rebellions
    - - exploitation of
        
        natural resources
        
        indigenous population
      - They bought the manufactured products back to the colonised country
    - - the coloniser used its military advantage
  - - - socio-economic value
      - most of the population of these colonies were emigrants from the colonising country
      - they were considered overseas provinces
      - they enjoyed governmental autonomy
      - Example
        
        Canada, Australia and New Zealand under British control
    - - areas of strategic interest
      - natives maintained their own government and administration
        
        under the supervision of the colonising power
        
        foreign policy
        
        defence
      - Example
        
        Morocco was a protectorate of France
        
        Spain, and Egypt was a protectorate of Great Britain
      - The Franco-Spanish protectorate in Morocco
        
        In 1902
        
        Spain and France signed a possible division of Morocco
        
        In 1912
        
        the Protectorate was established
        
        On the 27 July, 1900
        
        a treaty with France
        
        Spain was assigned territories in the Gulf of Guinea and in Río de Oro on the Saharan coast
    - - economic value
      - to exploit the area economically
      - Example
        
        India was an exploitation colony of Great Britain
      - the indigenous population were governed by a white minority
- - - - emigration to colonies
    - - mortality rate decreased
      - birth rate remained constant
  - - - the colonising countries had complete control of the market
        
        the colonies became dependant
    - - they could not compete with the colonists' manufactured products
    - - they established a single crop plantation
      - they extracted minerals
      - indigenous people were left without their means of survival
  - - - This led to wars, such as the First Wold War
- - - - As the production increased, developed countries had to look for new markets outside Europe
        
        to get raw materials from them and then sell the products back to them
  - - - For this reason, they emigrated to the colonies
    - - plants
      - animals
      - minerals
    - - They thought that they had to civilise indigenous societies
- - - - He fought against a Sub-Saharan African tribe
  - - - The indigenous populations felt threatened
- - - - the British against the French
      - the British won
      - Sudan,1898
    - - the British against the Boers (colonists from the United Provinces)
      - the British wanted to control South Africa
      - 1899–1902
      - the British won
    - - they decided that the countries that wanted to control African territories had to military occupy it first
        
        Because of this, all the European countries tried to conquer African territories as fast as possible
      - they agreed to give control of the Congo to the King of Belgium
      - 1884–1885
  - - - the Empress CiXi declared war on all the foreign powers that interfered in China
    - - killed 300 foreigners
      - besieged the European embassies in Peking for two months
    - - the Europeans signed treaties with China
        
        Great Britain gained control of Hong Kong
        
        Shanghai and Canton became European colonies
        
        Christianity was taught
        
        there was only 5% tax on foreign products
    - - they defeated the Boxers
        
        the Chinese had to pay 330 million dollars in compensation
        
        foreign troops were posted in the region permanently
  - - - indigenous people revolted against colonisers
      - examples
        
        the Zulu Wars against the British in South Africa
        
        the Boxer Rebellion in China
    - - socialist parties protested
      - missionaries protested
        
        example
        
        David Livingstone
        
        he fought against slavery in Africa