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Weimar + Nazi Germany - Coggle Diagram
Weimar + Nazi Germany
Early Nazi Party
Munich Putsch
Hitler declared a revolution on Bavaria on the 8th of November 1923 and demanded the Kahr, Seisser and Lossow should support him.
The next day (9th of November) these leaders withdrew their support and Hitler's attempt to take over Munich was stopped by the state police. The Putsch was a failure.
Hitler joined the German Worker's Party (DAP) in 1919, the leader was Anton Drexler
The 25 point plan of the DAP was the union of all Germans, exclusion of all Jews, equal rights, creation of a new army, create new jobs, and to colonize land
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The SA were the Nazi's 'Storm troopers', giving the Nazi's a sense of strength
The SS were like Hitler's personal bodyguards he could count on as he was starting to loose trust in the SA
Abdication of Kaiser
The Army and the Navy showed their unhappiness of the Kaiser by soldiers refusing to control rioters on the streets
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Threats and opposition
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Kapp Putsch (Uprising)
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Freikorps marched to Berlin and forced Government to flee. They declared a new government and invited the Kaiser to return
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Ebert declared a general strike, making it impossible for the rebels to govern, the rebellion collapsed and Dr. Kapp was placed in prison
Political violence
Between 1919 and 1922, there were 376 politically motivated murders
High Profile members of the government were killed such as: Hugo Hasse, Matthias Erzberger (Man who signed Germany's surrender in 1918) and Walter Rathenau (Weimar foreign minister)
Private political armies on both right and left sides, caused violence at political meetings and marches
Weimar Constitution
Setting up the republic
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Freidrich Ebert was the leader of the Social Democrats and would later be elected the first president of the Weimar Republic
Ebert's death in 1925 helped strengthen the Weimar Republic because he had been an unpopular politician due to his involvement with the abdication of the Kaiser and the armistice of the Treaty of Versailles
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On the 11th of November 1918, the Weimar Republic signed 'The Armistice' - Ending the fighting in the war
Gustav Stresemann
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Plan to make Germany strong again was to make the political situation in Germany more stable by stabilizing the economy and improving Germany's relationship with other countries
People trusted the new Rentenmark policy that was introduced because they were tied to the price of gold and backed my German industrial plants and agricultural land
The Dawes Plan (1924) was an agreement which meant that reparations were reduced to £50 million per year. US banks agreed to give loans to German industry
Germany's industrial output doubled between 1923 and 1928, tax income and trade increased
The Young Plan (1929) reduced the total reparation debt from £6.6 billion to £2 billion, Germany was also given another 59 years to pay. This allowed lower taxes and the government could spend more money making jobs
The Locarno Pact (1925) was the treaty between Germany, Britain, France, Italy, and Belgium
This made war less likely because Germany agreed it's border with France, who promised peace to Germany
Kellogg-Brand Pact (1928) was an agreement which promised that states would not use war to achieve foreign policy aims.
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Invasion of Ruhr
France sent soldiers to Ruhr because Germany had stopped sending France coal- as agreed on in the treaty of Versailles
Ruhr was picked because it was a rich area that would enable the French soldiers to take the resources they wanted
German citizens working in Ruhr were advised to undertake in 'Passive Resistance', meaning they should stop working
End of WW1
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Treaty of Versailles
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Germany's Military was reduced down to 100,000 men with no heavy artillery
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Hyperinflation
Germany printed more money to make up for the loss of resources in Ruhr, leading to Hyperinflation. This meant the German economy stopped functioning properly
A new national bank called called the 'Reichsbank' renamed the new currency the Reichsmark and backed the new currency with Germany's gold reserves meaning the new currency was trusted by everyone, allowing the German economy to recover