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IMPERIALISM - Coggle Diagram
IMPERIALISM
The colonial empires in 1914
Colonisation in Africa
Portugal
colonised
Angola
Mozambique
Belgium
colonised
the Congo
Gernany
colonised
Cameroon
Tanzania
Togo
South-West Africa (Namibia)
Spain
colonised
north of Morocco
part of the Sahara (Rio de Oro)
Equatorial Guinea
United States
extended its influence in Latin America
didn't allow the European countries to colonise there
Pacific
annexed
the Philippines
Hawaii
French Empire
large areas in north-west Africa and the island of Madagascar
America
French New Guinea
some islands in the Caribbean
South-East Asia
Japan
attention on
Korea
Manchuria
Russo-Japanese war of 1904–1905
for control of Manchuria
British Empire
20th century
maritime hegemony extention
America, Asia, Africa and Oceania
1877
Queen Victoria of England
crowned Empress of India
Africa
almost all of East Africa from the north to the south
Russia
defeated by the Japanese
abandoned Manchuria
attention on
Siberia
Central Asia
Consequences
Political
political rivalry between the colonising powers
for dominion of territories
cause of the First World War
Economic
Indigenous artisan crafts
disappeared
couldn't compete with colonists manufactured products
importing and exporting products
ports
railways
world economy unequally organised
economic dependence of the colonies on their colonising country
as the organisation of trade were controlled by the colonising countries
imposition of a single crop and extraction economy
colonists
displaced the indigenous tribes from their land
establish their single crop plantations
cocoa
coffee
tea
used the indigenous people as labourers
extract mineral resources
Demographic
population in the colonies increased
decrease in mortality rates
improvements in hygiene and health
insufficient resources in
starvation and poverty
pressure of population growth in colonising countries
emigration of inhabitants to the colonies
Social and cultural
Western culture
imposed by
colonising countries
Social and racial segregation
colonists
considered themselves superior to the indigeous people
Consequences for the colonies
different from the colonising countries
Colonial empires
United States and Japan
colonised most of
Asia
Oceania
Africa
largest colonial empires belonged to
France and Great Britain
compete to gain control of colonies in
Africa
Asia
other industrialised countries
began colonial empires
between 1870 and 1914
Colonial tension and conflicts
Anti-colonial protests
some colonies
revolted against European
exploitation
disregard for their traditional cultural values
revolts
failed
main revolts
Boxer Rebellion in China
Zulu Wars against the British in South Africa
colonising countries
socialist parties were protesting
because of unjustified abuses
missionaries
British missionary David Livingstone
fought against slavery in Africa
International conflict
Fashoda Incident (Sudan,1898)
between France and Great Britain
British victory
Boer War (1899–1902)
for controlling Cape
rinch in
diamonds
gold
Great Britain
declared the war and defeated the Boers, who were settled there
Berlin Conference (1884–1885)
European countries interested in controlling the Congo
delegate control of the region to the King of Belgium
Leopold I
imposed a procedure to acquire African territory
first militarily occupy the area
accelerated the process of division of Africa
The boxer rebellion
June 1900
Empress CiXi
declared war
on foreign powers that interfered in the political and economic life in China
The Boxers
started an uprising
killed 300 foreingners
besieged the European embassies (Peking)
for two months
European powers, Japan and United States
sent an international army to Peking
arrival in August 1901
defeated the Boxers
Chinese government
forced to pay 330 million dollars
Europeans
won the Opium Wars
signed treaties with China
favoured their presence in the Manchu Empire
Great Britain
gained control of Hong Kong
Shanghai and Canton became European colonies
Explorers of new territories
most famous explorers
British explorer Henry Morton Stanley
German explorer Karl Peters
French explorer Pierre de Brazza
sent by their governments
helped establish their country's influence
Causes
reasons
growth of the population in Europe
use of machinery in factories
unemployment
emigration to the colonies
Scientific progress
expeditions
geographic expeditions
expeditions to discover new
plants
animals
minerals
colonies
symbol of
international prestige
strategic locations
gain
greater security
mobility in the case of armed conflict
believe
supremacy of white people
duty to bring
European culture
Christian values
indigenous societies
less civilised
result of
rise of finance capitalism
Ocupation and administration of the colonies
three stages in the colonisation of an area
Political and administrative control
executed by a small group of Europeans
military commanders
mantain order by controlling indigenous rebellions
the governor and high-level civil servants
organised the administration
Organisation of the colonial economy
exploitation of
natural resource
indigenous population of the colony
that then bought the products manufactured in the colonising country
Occupation by conquest
military advantage over the countries it wanted to conquer
Each colonies value
Protectorates
strategic interest
indigenous population
maintained its own government and administration
under the supervision of the colonising power
controlled
foreign policy
defence
Settler colonies
socio-economic value
emigrant population majority from the colonising country
certain governmental autonomy
Exploitation colonies
economic value
colonies
economically exploited
