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science revision chemistry electrodes - Coggle Diagram
science revision chemistry electrodes
Ionic substances contain charged particles called ions. For example, lead bromide contains positively charged lead ions and negatively charged bromide ions.
ELECTROLYSIS is the process where ionic substances are broken down into simpler substances when an electric current is passed through them.
ELECTRICITY is when electrons or ions flow.it can only work if the compound contains ions. covalent compounds cant be electrolytes because they have neutral atoms
the ions can move. if the subsistence is dissolved in water or its melted e.g. if electricity is passed through molten lead bromine its split to create lead and bromine
Positively charged ions move to the negative electrode during electrolysis.they get electrons and then reduce.
Negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode. They lose electrons and are oxidized. this substance is called ELECTRODE
To be an electrolyte, a substance must be able to conduct electricity.
to test if it conducts include a sample of the substance in the circuit that has a source of direct current e.g.a cell or power pack and a bulb or ammeter., it is an electrolyte If a current flows through the substance when it is molten or dissolved
lead bromide can be used to PRODUCE BROMINE AND LEAD by placing solid lead(II) bromide in a crucible and heat over a Bunsen burner until it melts then inserting two carbon electrodes into the molten electrolyte and pass a direct current between them
the metal is formed at the negative electrode because that is where the positive metal ions are attracted
the non-metal element is formed at the positive electrode where the negative non-metal ions are attracted
compound -zinc chloride, aluminium chloride
anode-posistive- chlorine and oxygen
cathode -negative-zinc aluminium
there is a lot of aluminium on earth but its expensive because a lot of it is used in the extraction process
Aluminium ore is called bauxite this is purified into a white powder it can be used for saucepans, cars, light
inert is a synonym for inactive
AN ELECTRODE is a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an object, substance, or region.
AT THE NEGATIVE ELECTRODE the metal will be produced if it is less reactive than hydrogen
hydrogen will be produced if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen
EXTRACTION is done by electrolysis, but first the aluminium oxide must be melted so that electricity can pass through it. However, aluminium oxide has a very high melting point so it would be expensive to melt it.so its dissolved in molten cryolite
Gases are the phase of matter in which particles are usually very far apart from one another, move very quickly, and aren't particularly attracted to one another. they are also less dense
charge, Q = current, I × time, t