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Corruption in India - Coggle Diagram
Corruption in India
Release of Corruption Perception Index (CPI)
CPI is published by NGO Transparency International since 1995
It uses a scale of 0 to 100 to rank CPI, where 0 is highly corrupt
India ranked 86th with the same CPI score of 40 (performing better)
Types of Corruption measured
Officials using public office for private gain
Nepotistic appointments in the civil service
Diversion of public funds
Access to information on public affairs/government activities
Bribery
Activities not covered by CPI
Illicit financial flows
Money-laundering
Tax fraud
Private sector corruption
Citizens’ direct perceptions
Reason for corruption in India
Political
Criminalization of politics
Crony capitalism
Use of black money in elections
Economic
Ease of doing business
High inequalities
High share of informal sector
Administrative
Failed reforms
Low wages esp. Policemen
Colonial bureaucracy
Impact of Corruption
Economic:
Misallocation of resources
Social:
Corruption wrongly attaches elevated status
Political:
weakened public trust in political institutions
Environmental:
Environmentally devastating projects
Ethical:
Increasing shift towards individualization and materialism
Issues of national security
Legal Framework against Corruption:
Serious Frauds Investigation Office (SFIO)
Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010
Companies Act, 201
Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013
Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002
Central Vigilance Commission
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
Indian Penal Code, 1860
Way Forward
Publish relevant data and guarantee access to information
Preventive corruption measures
Strengthen oversight institutions
Strengthening the institution of Lokpal