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Moral Philosophy - Coggle Diagram
Moral Philosophy
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Right vs Wrong
We know what the RIGHT course of action is, tempted and/or does chose the wrong course of action
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Dilemma Paradigms
Truth vs Loyalty
Stan’s dilemma: compelled to tell coworker the truth about fate vs maintaining loyalty to boss about confidential details
Individual vs Community 
Nursing home admi’s dilemma: maintain resident’s privacy of possible HIV exposure vs. tell staff to prevent disease
The nursing staff are stakeholders in this scenario: Those who are affected by the situation and decision that needs made
Non-Malificence: Physicians have an obligation to refrain from acts that could cause harm to patients
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Short-term vs Long-term
Andy’s dilemma: go back to grad school during son’s teen years for long-term benefits vs spending time with sons’ during teen years
Justice vs Mercy
Newspaper editor’s dilemma: serve the plagiarizer with justice and punishment vs reach out with compassion for an explanation
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Theories
Deontological
Immanuel Kant -
Human autonomy is the foundation for scientific knowledge, morality, and religious beliefs
Rightness is judged by comparing a moral principle or rule
Natural Law
St. Thomas Aquinas
“All creatures are ordered to an end; have natures who fulfillment is what it is because of those natures”
Things are right when they accord with the nature of what it means to be human beings
Utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham - “Any action is right insofar as it increases happiness, and wrong insofar as it increases pain”
The greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people
Concepts
Situation-Based
Casuistry:
Case-based based method of reasoning
Uses general principles in reasoning based on previous cases with the same moral problem
Geo-cultural:
Different regions may have significantly different views on:
Liberty
Social Justice
Value of Life
Feminism: Initially developed by full-time homemakers or mothers who felt excluded by the women’s movement
Morals were less concerned with rights/justice and revolved around rights/justice and revolved around caregiving and maintaining relationships
Relativism:
There are no absolute truths in ethics
What’s morally right or wrong varies from person to person, society to society
Agent-Based
Virtue: Pays attention to the character of the person performing the action instead of looking at the action specifically.
Action-Based
Non-Consequentialism: Judges rightness or wrongness of an action based on basic elements to the action
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