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B2 RECAP - Coggle Diagram
B2 RECAP
Digestive system
Mouth - break down food, produces saliva
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Stomach - releases hydrochloric acid, churns
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Large intestine - makes faeces, absorbs water
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Enzymes
What is a catalyst - a substance that helps increase the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up in the process.
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What is an enzyme - a particular (biological) type of catalyst, made by living organisms.
What does an enzyme do - speed up the process of breaking down substrates or building up substrates.
Lock and key model - the substrate attaches to the active site, enzyme catalyses the breakdown of the substrate (speeds up the breakdown), products from the active site. Pieces have to be a perfect fit.
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Carbohydrase
Produced in salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine
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Protease
Produced in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine
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Enzymes can be produced by the body to help digestion. When they come into contact and react with the food they break it down into smaller pieces which can then pass into the blood.
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Blood
Blood is a unique tissue, based on a liquid called plasma. Plasma carries red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets suspended in it. It also carries many dissolved substances around your body. The average person has between 4.7 and 5 litres of blood.
The blood, blood vessels and heart make up the human circulatory system.
Your red blood cells contain haemoglobin that binds oxygen to transport it from the lungs to the tissue.
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The journey of the blood around the body:
Blood is pumped around the body of a vertebrate by the heart. Blood is pumped away from the heart in arteries and is returned to the heart in veins. The right side pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs and the left side pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body tissues. The vena cava and pulmonary vein carry blood into the heart. Blood is carried away from the heart in the pulmonary artery and the aorta when the ventricles contrac
arteries
- carries blood away from the heart
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- high pressure (carry blood)
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- carry blood in low pressure
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- carry blood at very low pressure
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