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CV 10: Regulation of Cardiac Output, Regulation of Cardiac Output (Heart…
CV 10: Regulation of Cardiac Output
Cardiac Output
Heart Rate
Sympathetic
Paravertebral ganglia :arrow_right: chambers and nodes
Slow response and submissive
Parasympathetic
Vagus Nerve
Right :arrow_right: SA
Left :arrow_right: AV
Medulla oblongata
Nucleus ambiguus
Fast response and dominant
Baroreceptor reflex
Arterial pressure
Bainbridge reflex
Balanced heart rate
Distension of right atria
Stroke Volume
Afterload
ESV
Preload
EDV
Contractility
Parasympathetic influence
Intracellular Ca++ dynamics
Inhibit sympathetic neurons
Sympathetic influence
Intracellular Ca++ dynamics
Regulation of Cardiac Output (Heart rate x Stroke Volume)
Heart Rate
Reflexes
Bainbridge Reflex
Stimulant: Distension in right atrium
Balance for optimal heart rate
Baroreceptor Reflex
Stimulant: Stretch induced by LOCAL BP
ANS Regulation
Sympathetic regulation
Prolonged and weak response
Intermediolateal column (paravertebral chain): Superior cervical, Middle cervical, Stellate ganglia
:Arrow_up: Heart rate
Parasympathetic regulation
Right Vagus: SA node
Left Vagus: AV node
Medulla oblongata and nucleus ambiguus
Short and powerful response
:Arrow_down: Heart rate
Mediate responses
Stroke Volume
Contractility
Sympathetic regulation = :Arrow_up: contractility
:arrow_up: SV
Parasympathetic regulation = :arrow_down: contractility
:arrow_down: SV
Afterload
:Arrow_up: = :Arrow_down: SV
:arrow_down: = :arrow_up: SV
Preload
:arrow_up: = :arrow_up: SV
:arrow_down: = :arrow_down: SV
SCORE: 5/5