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Pain and Suffering - Coggle Diagram
Pain and Suffering
Physical pain
Pain receptors exist all over the body, are stimulated by stimuli
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Animal pain
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Why do they exist
Augustinian theodicy
'Principle of Plenitude' - “Thus the sub-human animals exist because they represent possible forms of being, and therefore of goodness, and because their existence is accordingly necessary to the fullness of the created world.”
Epistemic distance
“man's embeddedness within a larger stream of organic life may be one of the conditions of his cognitive freedom in relation to the infinite Creator” - therefore free to choose
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Suffering
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Suffering is “that state of mind in which we wish violently or obsessively that our situation were otherwise”
Suffering can be self-regarding (experiencing personal pain) or other-regarding (pain from sympathy for others)
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Suffering vs Pain
- People thought that pain and pleasure were opposite, but pain is actually a nerve response
- The opposite to pleasure is actually suffering
- Suffering can be a response to pain, but can also exist without physical pain
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