Mechanics SSCP 1143

Gravitation

image

image

Newton's law of universal gravitation states that any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart.


Heliocentrism, a cosmological model in which the Sun is assumed to lie at or near a central point (e.g., of the solar system or of the universe) while the Earth and other bodies revolve around it.

image

image

image

Ptolemaic System, the system of planetary motions according to which the earth is at the center with the sun, moon, and planets revolving around it and each orbit except for the sun and moon is composed of a principal circle upon which moves a smaller circle carrying the planet

image

image

Kepler's First Law: each planet's orbit about the Sun is an ellipse

Kepler’s second law states that a planet moves in its ellipse so that the line between it and the Sun placed at a focus sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

Kepler's Third Law: the squares of the orbital periods of the planets are directly proportional to the cubes of the semi-major axes of their orbits. Kepler's Third Law implies that the period for a planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly with the radius of its orbit.

image

image

image

image

image

Cavendish Experiment

image

image

Variation of g with Height h.

image

image

Gravitational potential U

image

Escape velocity

image

Periodic Motion

image

image

image

Simple Harmonic Motion

image

Hooke's law

image

image

Elastic Potential Energy

image

image

Restoring Force

image

image

Amplitude, Period & Frequency

image

Simple Pendulum

image

image

image

image

image

image

image

image

image