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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) - Coggle Diagram
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Etiology
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Statistics
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1.5x more likely in Indigenous men and 3.9x more in Indigenous women vs. non-Indigenous Canada-born population
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approximately 140,000 Canadians are currently infected
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Pathophysiology
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fibrous scar tissue may form, thus obstructing channels for blood and bile flow
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biliary stasis may develop due to severe inflammation, causing a backup of bile into the blood
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hepatic cells may regenerate, depending on severity of inflammation
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Nursing Care
Education
Educate client on the course of disease for HCV, specifically regarding the Posticteric stage in which they may feel fatigued for up to 6 months.
Emphasize the importance of returning slowly to daily activities as tolerated with ample rest. Encourage mild to moderate exercise without contact sports or extreme exertion, as this can further damage the liver.
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Provide resources regarding alcohol and illicit drug cessation. Educate the client on the risks of continued liver cirrhosis if consumption of alcohol continues.
If client is wishing to continue injecting illicit drugs, provide locations of safe supply sites. Educate client on how to maintain skin integrity and the dangers of sharing supplies with others.
Conduct thorough safe sex education with client and present partners. Emphasize the importance of wearing a condom, reducing sexual partners, and methods of reducing risk of transmission.
Provide education about how HCV is transmitted, and how the client can alter daily behaviours to reduce the risk of spreading the virus.
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Discuss the importance of consulting their provider or a pharmacist before taking any over the counter or prescribed medications.
Damage to the liver will alter the metabolism of certain medications, which can lead to possible toxicity.
Educate client on the importance of adherence to physical examinations by provider and medication schedules.
HCV can lead to further dangerous and possibly life threatening complications, such as cancer or further cirrhosis.
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Address fluid imbalance as evidenced by weight loss, anorexia, and bile stasis
consult with dietician regarding appropriate diet, most likely reducing fats and increasing proteins to what the client can tolerate
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Assessment
Signs and Symptoms
- Posticteric (recovery) stage
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- Preicteric (prodromal) Stage
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Diagnosis
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Transient elastography
has ability to measure the extent of stiffness in the liver, indicating extent of fibrosis
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