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Atoms, Elements, and compounds (Chapter 2)- Part 2 - Coggle Diagram
Atoms, Elements, and compounds (Chapter 2)- Part 2
Formulae:
A formula of an compound is made up from the symbols of the elements that make up the compound and the numbers that show the ratio of the different atoms that the compound is made from.
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E.g. Writ the ratio of atoms in Na2SO4 ---> Na : S : O, 2:1:4
The ratio of atoms within a chemical compound is usually constant. They have a fixed composition. Chemists call this the law of constant composition.
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Mixtures:
A mixture contains more than one substance, which could be elements and/ or compounds.
Common mixture examples: Sea water, Air, Alloys (Brass)
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For ions, refer textbook.
Isotopes:
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The only effect of extra neutron is to alter the mass of the atom and any properties that depend on it, for example the density.
There are 2 types of isotopes: Stable and unstable. The isotopes which are unstable, as a result of extra neutrons in their nucleus, are radioactive and are called radioisotopes. When their nuclei breaks, they release large amounts of energy and also certain types of dangerous radiations.
Isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons and therefore the same electronic configuration.
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