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Malaria chemoprofilaxis, Counseling, Chemoprophylaxis image, Generalities…
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Counseling
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Clinical escenarios:
Travelers planning prolonged visits to endemic areas should continue prophylaxis throughout their stay.
If the initial evaluation demonstrates negative blood films, thick and thin blood films or rapid diagnostics should be repeated twice (12 to 24 hours apart).
Pregnant women
Risk of stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes are increased in the setting of malaria; pregnant women should be advised to defer travel until after delivery whenever feasible.
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No chemoprophylaxis regimen guarantees complete protection and that fever during or after travel is a medical emergency requiring urgent medical attention.
Chemoprophylaxis
Most chemoprophylactic agents (with the exception of primaquine and tafenoquine) do not eradicate the dormant hypnozoites of P. vivax and P. ovale.
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Generalities
Causal agent
More than half of the reported cases are due to Plasmodium falciparum, which causes the most severe disease; patients with P. falciparum may progress to life-threatening illness within hours.
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Is an important cause of fever and serious illness in returned travelers from sub-Saharan Africa than those from Asia or the Americas.
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