Fluid Mechanics
Fluid Friction
Aerodynamics
The forces that resists the movements of a solid object through a fluid
Related to the flow of air around a projectile, which can influence the speed and direction of the object
Hydrodynamics
Related to the flow of water around a projectile, which can influence the speed and direction of the object.
Air Resistance
It is a friction force, which occurs when air passes over the surface of objects . Drag force is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to surrounding fluid
How drag is affected?
Density of the Fluid
Cross Sectional Area of the object
Velocity of the Object
Shape of the object and how stremline it is
Streamlining
In activities where maximum speed is the aim, the drag must be minimised and this is achieved through streamlining
Bernoulli Effect
As Velocity of the fluid increases, the pressure extended by that fluid decreases. This leads to turbulence behind the object
Magnus Effect
BackSpin
Side Spin
Top Spin
Due to the air resistance formed at the top of the ball, the air is slowed down causing an area of high pressure above the ball
Due to the air resistance formed at the bottom of the ball,the air is slowed down causing an area of high pressure below the ball
In football, players use the Magnus effect to curve the flight path of the ball. The kicker places a side spin on the curling ball, curving it around the wall of the defensive players in goal.
Factors that Fluid Friction depend on:
Shape
Size
Speed
Streamlining
Examples
The Speedo LZR Racer Swimsuit
Magnus Effect (Back Spin)