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Singapore's Transport Policy - Coggle Diagram
Singapore's Transport Policy
What is the problem?
less land available which led to traffic congestion
Illegal, 'pirate' taxis that provided cheap, door-to-door services were on the rise
Buses only served areas with high profitability
Because of the limitations on land, they couldn't simply build more roads
PROMOTED PEDESTRIAN & NON-MOTORIZED TRANSPORT
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Planned residential and commercial areas in such a way that there was no need to use a vehicle to travel.
The urbanization plan for high-density areas and industries laid everything down in a ring formation which makes everything much more accessible
Area Licensing Scheme,
This was successful. It reduced commuters that were driving to the CBD from 56% to 23%. It increased the usage of buses from 33% to 69%
It prevented a rise in car population by nearly 60%
If the same improvement was to be achieved through investments in building roads, it would have cost the state an additional US $1.5 billion.
They implemented the Area Licensing Scheme in 1975 to reduce the morning peak traffic going into the CBD. Citizens had to pay a toll to use roads in certain areas like downtown Singapore
REDUCED CAR OWNERSHIP
Singapore has a lower car use per capita than other cities like Bangkok that have a lower wealth per capita but a high car use per capita
Before buying a car in Singapore, it is mandatory to first buy a right to own a car. - The Certificate of Entitlement
A certificate is given to each category for every car de-registered from that category in the previous year. This helps maintain a constant number of vehicles
Some concession is given to the taxis since they're a part of public transport, but unrestricted growth is not allowed.
A percentage of extra certificates are given each year. The percentage is based on the planned growth of car population and other factors such as unused motorcycle certificates. This allows about 3 %annual growth.
The certificate is valid for 10 years from the date of registration Once expired, it can be revalidated for another 10 years by paying a fee. Else, the vehicle will be de-registered.
Car owners wishing to register must pay a 45% import duty on the car's open market value - a fee of $1,000 for private cars and $5,000 for company registered cars; and, an additional fee of 150 per cent of the open market value.
They've to pay road tax depending on the capacity of their engines. The road tax for company registered cars is twice as high as for private cars and for diesel vehicles, it's six times the road tax of petrol vehicles.
Preferential Additional Registration Fee system
In fear of the high registration fee, people were trying to use old cars for as long as possible thus this was introduced to to encourage people to replace their old cars with new and more efficient models
Private car owners who replace their cars within 10 years are given benefits to offset the registration fees for new cars. This benefit varies according to the age and time of de-registration of the vehicle.
The import duty, registration fees and additional registration fee put together amount to 200% of a vehicle's open market value.
IMPROVED TRANSIT SYSTEMS
invested in an expensive and fixed rail facility
Singapore's MRT service and integrated bus system has been highly successful in both economic and environmental problems.