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Ch.11 The System Unit of a Computer System - Coggle Diagram
Ch.11 The System Unit of a Computer System
11.1 The Components of a computer
System Unit
storage devices
motherboard
CPU
memory chips
expansion slots
power supply
Peripherals
Input
Monitor, keyboard, mouse, microphone,
scanner, digital video camera
Output
Printer, scanner, monitor
Storage
USB flash drive
Communication
Broadband modem
11.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Executes the instructions of a computer program
Processes data to do a specific tasks
CPU communicates with other devices through bus lines
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
ALU
CU
Registers
Control registers
Status registers
GPRs
System Bus (Bus line)
Data bus
Address bus
Control bus
Bus width determines the number of bits of data the computer can transmit at one time
11.3 Machine Cycle
Sub-cycle
Decode
Execute
Fetch
Interrupt sub-cycle is the end of the execution of an instruction, the CPU detects whether an interrupt has occurred
11.4 Measurement of CPU Speed
Clock rate
Measure speed of CPU
megahertz(MHz)
gigahertz(GHz)
Word length
Number of bits of data and instructions can handle at one time
11.5 Main Memory
ROM
Non-volatile
EPROM
EEPROM
Cache Memory
High speed memory
RAM
Dynamic random access
memory(DRAM)
Higher power
consumption
Lower cost
Static random access memory
(SRAM)
Higher speed, storage capacity
Volatile
all data stored in RAM disappears
instantly after the computer is turned off
11.6 Latest Development of CPU and Main Memory
The future development of the CPU in the future has focused on the integration of more cores into the CPU