CONCEPTS
(Chem of Forest Products)

FOREST

tangible benefits

intangible benefits

FOREST PRODUCTS

revised forestry code

raw materials

forest products

PHILIPPINES

need 6 million cu.m of wood annually

25 % from local

75% imported

WOOD

solid part/trunk

fibrous plant mat.

cellulose

hemicellulose

lignin

click to edit

polysaccharide

oxygenated polymer of phenylpropane units

TERMS

CHEMISTRY

branch of nat. sci

properties of subs

their changes

natural laws that describe changes

study

atomic composition

structural architecture

interactions among subs

reactions

WOOD CHEM

study

chemical components

wood characteristics

CHEMICAL WOOD COMPONENTS

WOOD

EXTRANEOUS COMPONENTS

EXTRACTIVE-FREE COMPONENTS

LIGNIN

HOLOCELLULOSE

CELLULOSE

HEMICELLULOSE

PENTOSE

ACETYL GROUP

HEXOSES

SOLUBLE

INSOLUBLE

INORGANICS

EXTRACTIVES

RESINS

D-GLUCOSE

FOREST PRODUCTS

CLASSIFICATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS

goods & services derived from forest

timber, lumber, vebeer, plywood, fiberboard, pulpwood, firewood

resin, gum, wood oil, honey, beeswax

bark, tree top

nipa, rattan

forest growth

grass, shrub, flowering plant

water, fish, game, scenic, historical, educational;

DAO 1987-80

A. MAJOR FOREST PRODUCTS

B. MINOR FOREST PRODUCTS

PRIMARY WOOD PRODUCTS

SECONDARY WOOD PRODUCTS

MECHANICALLY REDUCED WOOD PRODUCTS

PHYSICALLY REDUCED WOOD PRODUCTS

CHEMICALLY REDUCED WOOD PRODUCTS

TREE EXUDENTS

EXTRACTED PRODUCTS

OTHER NON-TIMBER WOOD PRODUCTS

timber wood products

timber

fuelwood

log

lumber

plywood

veneer

NTFPs

blackboard

Wood material which include standing trees in a form suitable for construction, carpentry, joinery, or reconversion for manufacturing purposes.

Wood used as fuel for purposes of cooking, heating or power production

Any section of the bole, a large branch, or a felled tree after cross cutting with at least 15 centimeters in diameter and 1.5 meters in length.

The product of the saw and planing mill. Not further manufactured other than sawing, resawing and passing lengthwise through standard planing machine, crosscutting to length, and matching.

A panel consisting of an assembly of veneer sheets bonded together with the direction of the grain in alternate plies generally at right angles.

A thin sheet of wood, plies, sawed or rotary cut from a log or a flitch.

All biological materials and derivatives other than timber, which are extracted from forests for human use.

non-wood forest products

log

raw form

pole

pile

post

mine timber

railroad ties

Any section of the bole, a large branch, or a felled tree after cross cutting with at least 15 centimeters in diameter and 1.5 meters in length.

A round timber often to support power or telephone lines.

A long, heavy timber, round or square, that is driven deep into the ground to provide a secure foundation for structures built on soft, wet or submerged sites.

Main vertical or leaning support in a structure similar to a column or pillar but the term post generally refers to a timber but may be metal or stone

Used as tunnel support

cross bar = horizontal roof

lagging = wall support

further manufacturing

usually yakal

molave, ipil

reduced using machines/mechanical means

chair, cabinet, veneer

derived by applying heat on wood

charcoal

product of carbonization

wood tar

alcohol

product of distillation

apply chem methods of processing wood

pulp & paper

fiberboard

cellulose-derived products

non-wood forest products

Wood Extractives

non-structural components of wood

concentrated in heartwood

defensive compounds

envi. stresses

natural discharges

natural/inflicted wound

RESINS

GUMS

SAPS

LATEX

Manila Copal

Almaciga (Agathis philippinensis/alba)

Dammar

Dipterocarp spp.

Balau

Apitong (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus)

Panau (Dipterocarpus gracilis)

Manila Elemi or
Brea Blanca

Piling-liitan (Canarium luzonicum)

Canarium spp.

Eucalyptus

Acacia spp.

Cherry & plum trees

Moraceae spp.

Chicle

Rubber

Gutta-percha

Sapodilla Tree (Manilkara zapota)

Palaquium spp.

Palaquium gutta

Sapotaceae

OLEORESINS

turpentine, rosins

Piling-liitan (Canarium luzonicum)

Pili (Canarium ovatum)

Bursecaceae

international perfumes

chemically derived or reduced

DYES

TANNINS

NAVAL STORES

ESSENTIAL OILS

mangrove spp

oak spp

sakat

camatchile

Terminalia nitens??

also Manila tamarind

Pithecellobium dulce

from pine spp.

distillation of resin product

gum

turpentine

gum resin

olive oil

tea tree oil

eucalyptus oil

vanilla oil

bamboo

rattan

split

unsplit

medicinal plants

fibrous plants

bast fibers

fiber from inner bark

leaves, fruits & vines

animal-based products

horn

fur

other NTFPs not listed

Classification of Forest Products Summary

MAJOR FOREST PRODUCT

MINOR FOREST PRODUCT

PRIMARY WOOD PRODUCT

SECONDARY WOOD PRODUCT

MECHANICALLY REDUCED
WOOD PRODUCT

PHYSICALLY REDUCED
WOOD PRODUCT

CHEMICALLY REDUCED
WOOD PRODUCT

TREE EXUDENT

EXTRACTED PRODUCT

OTHER NTFPs

RESIN

GUM

SAP

LATEX

DYE

OLEORESIN

TANNIN

NAVAL STORE

ESSENTIAL OIL

BAMBOO

RATTAN

NIPA SHINGLES

MED PLANTS

ANIMAL-BASED PRODUCTS

FIBROUS PLANTS

LEAVES, FRUITS & VINES