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Alkyl Halides, X= Cl, Br, I, OR, OR, OR - Coggle Diagram
Alkyl Halides
Alkyl Halide formation
Substitution reactions
Free radical substitution of alkanes
Reagents:
Conditions:
mixture exposed to UV light
Reaction example:
Alkane + X2
Substitution of alcohols
Reagents:
Reaction example:
alcohol + HX(g)
Reagents:
Conditions
Reaction example
heat
Alcohol + PCl3
Reagents:
Conditions:
Reaction example:
r.t.
PCl5 + Alcohol
Reagents:
SOCl2 + Alcohol
Reaction example
Addition reactions of alkenes
Reagents:
Conditions:
r.t.
Reaction example
alkene + HX(g)
Reagents:
Alkene + X2
Conditions:
r.t.
Reaction example
Alkyl halide reactions
Nucleophilic Substitutions
with NH3 dissolved in ethanol
Reagents:
Conditions:
Reaction example
Reaction heated in sealed tube
Alkyl halide + excess ethanolic NH3
NH3 acts as the nucleophile
with NaOH(aq)
Reagents:
alkyl halide + NaOH(aq)
OH- acts as the nucleophile
Conditions:
Reaction heated in reflux
Reaction example
with ethanolic solution of KCN
Reagents:
Conditions:
Reaction example
reaction heated in reflux
alkyl halide + ethanolic KCN
CN- acts as the nucleophile
with AgNO3(aq)
Reagents:
Conditions:
Reaction example
Reaction is heated under reflux
Alkyl halide + H2O(l)
OH- from water acts as nucleophile
Elimination reaction
Reagents:
Conditions:
heat applied to reaction
Reaction example
Alkyl halide + ethanolic NaOH
X= Cl, Br, I
OR
OR
OR