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LANGUAGE AND CULTURE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - humanist concept of culture
      - shared encyclopaedic knowledge
      - communication at the level of science
      - scientific, analysable, teachable
      - e.g. time
  - - - patterned principles that determine preferences
    - - neither taught nor learned
      - acquired informally, out of awareness
      - e.g. time for a meeting
    - - traditions, rules, customs, procedures
      - accepted way of doing things
      - what is normal and appropriate
      - responds to conventions
      - e.g. quarto d'ora accademico
  - - - explicitly learned
      - conscious
      - easily changes
      - objective knowledge
    - - implicitly learned
      - unconscious
      - difficult to change
      - subjective knowlegde
- - - - Groups of individuals with the same concept of culture don't exist
  - - - Products
        
        Literature, customs, habits, art,
        architecture, folkore, traditions
      - External behaviours
        
        Language, gestures, social norms and conventions
      - Internal ideas
        
        Values, beliefs
  - - - we learn how to read the culture's basic text and interiorize it
    - - become a carriers of a specific culture
        
        physically
        
        appearance
        
        mentally
        
        mind-set
        
        Hofstede
        
        socially
        
        relations occur in certain ways
        
        E. Tylor
    - - of rules and beliefs
        
        ambiguous messages
        
        need of interpretation
        
        analysis and judgement
        
        can differ depending on the individual
  - - - ideational entities
      - can be reshaped
        
        globalization
        
        transport technology and social media
        
        exchange among umans
- - - - verbal and extra-verbal
  - - - Cultural processes are the main drivers, language adapts to such processes
        
        Language divisions are permeable
        
        Communication determined by context
- - - - a text
        
        the vocabulary and grammar of which its members learn
    - - a verb
    - - evolving connected activity
        
        not a thing
    - - webs of significance
        
        man is suspended in these webs he himself has spun
    - - complex whole
        
        includes knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, law, customs, any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as member of a society
    - - patterns (explicit, implicit)
        
        of and for behaviour acquired and transmitted
        
        the essential core consists in ideas and attached values
    - - Collective programming of the mind
        
        distinguishes members of a group