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module 1 topics - Coggle Diagram
module 1 topics
Orbitals diagram
sp2
when bonding takes place between 1 s-orbital with two p orbitals. formation of two single bonds and one double bond between three atoms. 120° angles between bonds.
sp3
carbon atom is bonded to four other atoms, 1 s orbital and 3 p orbitals. arrangement is tetrahedral with a bond angle of 109.5°
sp
carbon + 2 other atomsforming two double bonds or one single and one triple bond. bond angle of 180°
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Tetravalency of carbon
a carbon always forms 4 covalent bonds to different atoms by sharing its' electrons . it shall divide into 5 categories;
- null (0 carbons attached)
- primary carbon (1 carbon attached)
- secondary carbon (2 carbons attached)
- tertiary carbon (3 carbons attached)
- quaternary carbon (4 carbons attached)
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Organic compounds
substance that came from an organism,always contain carbon and hydrogen, and sometimes other nonmetals such as oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, or a halogen.