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Biological Molecules & Enzymes - Coggle Diagram
Biological Molecules & Enzymes
Carbohydrates
store energy
3 main types of Biological Molecule
Monosaccharides
Simple sugar molecules
Soluble in water
Has a sweet taste
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Disaccharides
2 Monosaccharides bond together
Maltose (Glucose+Glucose)
Lactose (Glucose+Galactose)
Sucrose (Glucose+Fructose)
Polysaccharides
Glucose molecule complex
Not soluble in water
Does not have a sweet taste
Cellulose
Starch
Glycogen
Lipids
made up of one glycerol molecule joined to three fatty acid molecules
Functions of Lipids
energy stores
Insulation
Cell Membranes
Sex Hormones
Enzymes
Biological Catalysts
an indentation on the surface called the active site
molecule that the enzyme acts upon is called the substrate
The substrate binds with the enzyme to form a substrate-enzyme complex
The enzyme lowers the energy and catalyses the reaction
The products are released from the active site
Enzymes are said to be specific
each enzyme has a unique shape so it can
only bind to one type of substrate
Enzymesonly catalyse one particular reaction
Protein
made out of a long chain of amino acids
Examples of Protein
Enzymes
Haemoglobin
Hormones
Antibodies