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8 Surah Anfaal - The spoils of war - Coggle Diagram
8 Surah Anfaal - The spoils of war
v1. spoils of war belong to Allah
they are attained by Allah's help and grace
they should be distributed as per His command through Allah's Messenger ﷺ
v41. 1/5 is for Allah
Allah's Messenger ﷺ
the relatives of Allah's Messenger ﷺ
orphans
poor
traveler
4/5 to be distributed amongst the
mujahideen
They are obtained through Jihad
Jihad fi Sabilillah
is an act of worship
The true purpose of jihad is not spoils of war but seeking the pleasure of Allah سبحانہ وتعالیٰ
you are the
sahaba
of
RasoolAllah
ﷺ
your expected code of conduct is very high
Background
name
plural of
nafl
from ن ف ل
spoils of war
weapons and wealth gathered from the enemy which result from winning a battle
early Medinan Surah
revealed in 2 A. H.
after the Battle of Badr
the first battle between
Islam
and
kufr
subject matter / main theme
distribution of war booty
"foreign policy" of the newly founded Islamic State in Madina
etiquette of
jihad
in the way of Allah
The
True Momineen
v2-5. their description
their faith increases when Allah's ayahs are recited
they rely upon Allah
Their hearts tremble at the mention of Allah
they establish salah
their reward
elevated ranks near Allah
forgiveness
noble provision
v 74.
are those who believe
those who migrated for Allah's sake
those who fought
jihaad
in Allah's way
thoe who offered shelter
those who helped
relationship with the Jewish tribes in Madina
v55. they betray the peace agreement over and over
v 58. if they break treaty you may go back on the agreement too in an equal manner
v 57. fight them to send a stern warning to others to never think of betraying believers
a detailed review of the Battle of Badr
events of battle unfolded just like Allah swt willed
v8. to establish the truth of Islam
v7. to cut off the roots of disbelief
Help of Allah
v9. angels were sent
v10. to strengthen hearts of believers
v9. to answer the supplication of the Messenger ﷺ
v10. as glad tidings
drowsiness
tranquility
v11. rain
to wash away evil whispers from shaitan
to provide water for ablution
to make the sandy ground firm enough to walk upon
strengthening hearts
v 12. awe cast into the hearts of enemies
v43. Allah made enemies appear few
v37. to separate the filthy from the pure
etiquette of
jihaad
v15. turning ones backs towards the enemy
v15. not permissible to flee the battleground
v66 if enemies outnumber believers by more than double the facing them in battlefield may be avoided.
v 16 exception
to change to a better course of attack
to join a larger group of fighters and attack stronger
O believers يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟
v20, v46. obey Allah and His Messenger ﷺ
v24. Respond to Allah and His Messenger ﷺ
v 27. do not betray Allah and His Messenger ﷺ
v29. Have
taqwa
of Allah
then Allah will
erase your sins
forgive you
grant ability to distinguish truth from falsehood
v44 when facing enemy in combat
remain steadfast
remember Allah abundantly
v46. do not dispute
otherwise you will become cowardly
you will weaken
v46. be patient
v47. do not boastfully show off
v 39. fight disbelievers only as long as they are hostile and reject the call to Islam
if they incline towards peace then extend peace treaty
fight to establish Allah's worship in the earth
v60. prepare the best you can
to cast awe in the hearts of enemies
v60. all wealth spent in jihad for Allah's sake will be fully returned as reward increased manifold
discussion: how to deal with prisoners of war, 2 options
execution
would signal power of Islam
set free for a ransom
wealth
teach Muslims to read and write
gesture of forbearance, preferred by the Messenger ﷺ Mercy for all the worlds
v67. Revelation came with Allah's verdict
v67. execution was better till enemy is thoroughly defeated in the land
v68. Allah swt allowed for some to live because they were decreed to embrace Islam later
v69. ransom money however is lawful and pure for believers
relationships amongst early muslims
v72. believers who migrated to madina
established brotherhood with Ansar
believers who did not migrate
they cannot inherit from the muhajirs or receive a share from the
anfaal
they can be helped in matters of deen
they cannot be supported against a nation who are under peace treaty with muslims
this is only as long as they don't migrate
this command was till conquest of Makkah after which migration was not compulsory on Muslims, Makkah became Muslim territory
v 75. blood relatives are nearer in sharia' and rightfully deserving to inherit first