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21st Century English - Coggle Diagram
21st Century English
Features
Emoticon
Pictorial representation of emoticon using characters
e.g:
:D, :), :3 would be used to convey a participant is happy
The Rebus Principle
The use of symbols purely for their sound rather than meaning
e.g:
L8R for the adverb of time 'later', M8 for the vocative 'mate'
Orthography linked to pronunciation
e.g: 'Wot' is the orthography of the adverb 'what'
Inconsistent use of capitalization
May be used for proper nouns, but not for the opening a sentence/ message.
Emoji
pictures rather than symbols. created by use of smartphones with improved graphics.
used to express a wider range of feelings and clearer meanings.
Deixis
Text messages are typically situation dependant.
Use of punctuation to indicate tone
no prosodic or paralinguistic cues within text messages
Lack of apostrophes
in contractions, typically by younger senders.
Lack of editing
speed of communication reflected
Lack of final full stop
to avoid negative associations
Elliptical features are common in 21st Century English.
Omission
subject
'Would you like to come over next week?' becomes 'Come over next week?'
determiners
'Got pizzas you wanted' rather than 'Got the pizzas you wanted'
primary verbs
'sorry, home now' instead of 'sorry, I am home now'
Deletion
Where letters are omitted
e.g: TLK has omitted the letter 'A' from the dynamic verb 'talk'
Acronym
Where letters stand for words, but they are not pronounced as separate phonemes, but as a new word
e.g: LOL is the acronym for the phrase 'Laugh Out Loud' or 'Lots of Love'
Initialisms
relative to an acronym, but the letters are pronounced separately
e.g: BTW is the initialism for the phrase 'By the way'. it would be pronounced as ' bee tee doubleU'
Abbreviation
Shortening of the word
'Appt' is the abbreviation for the concrete noun 'appointment'