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Learning Theory: "Aims to help us understand how people learn...by…
Learning Theory: "Aims to help us understand how people learn...by establishing a language and discourse whereby we can discuss, agree, disagree and build new perspective and ways to become knowledgable." (Harasim, 2012, p.4)
Cognitivism
: focuses on the ability of students to guide their own learning using mental strategies. Learners' thoughts, beliefs, attitudes, and values are considered to be influential in the learning process.
Frederick Bartlett
- Schema Theory
Robert Gagne
- Conditions of Learning
John
Carroll
- Three-Stratum Theory
David Merrill
- Component Display Theory
Jean Piaget
- Theory of Cognitive Development
Constuctivism
: Learners construct their own knowledge, so each person's knowledge is unique.
John Piaget
- Cognitive Constructivism
Lev Vygotsky
- Zone of Proximal Development
Jean Lave
- Situated Learning Theory
Jerome Bruner
- Instructional Scaffolding
Ernst Von Glasersfeld
- Radical Constructivism
Behaviorism
: emphasizes the role of environmental factors in influencing behavior, excluding innate or inherited factors. :
Ivan Pavlov
- Pavlov Theory
Burrhus Frederic Skinner
- Radical Behaviorism
Edward Thorndike
- Operant Conditioning
Clark Hull
- Published Principles of Behavior
John B Watson
- Behavioral School of Psychology
Citations
Mcleod, S. (2017, February 5). Behaviorist approach. Behaviorism | Simply Psychology. Retrieved January 22, 2022, from
https://www.simplypsychology.org/behaviorism.html
Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (2013). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 26(2), 43-71.
Carroll, J. B. (1997). The three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities. In D. P. Flanagan, J. L. Genshaft, & P. L. Harrison (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues (pp. 122–130). The Guilford Press.
Conditions of learning (Robert Gagne). InstructionalDesign.org. (2018, November 30). Retrieved January 22, 2022, from
https://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/conditions-learning/
H, T. (2020, October 19). Component display theory by M David Merrill. Instructional • Learning Design • myBRAINisOPEN. Retrieved January 22, 2022, from
https://www.mybrainisopen.net/component-display-theory/
Oregon Technology in Education Council (OTEC) (2007). Situated Learning (From: Theories and Transfer of Learning.
https://otec.uoregon.edu/learning_theory.htm#SituatedLearning
McLeod, S. (1970, January 1). Saul McLeod. Constructivism as a Theory for Teaching and Learning | Simply Psychology. Retrieved January 22, 2022, from
https://www.simplypsychology.org/constructivism.html
Harasim, L. M. (2012). Learning theory and online technology. Routledge.