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P6 End of Topic - Coggle Diagram
P6 End of Topic
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L4 - EM Spectrum
Order: Radio, Micro, IF, VL, UV, X-ray, Gamma
When radio waves are absorbed, they may generate an alternating current at the same frequency as the wave.
Uses:
- Radio - TV and radio (long wavelengths mean they are reflected by the ionosphere).
- Micro - Satellite communications and cooking (absorbed by water molecules and passes through ionosphere).
- Infrared - Electrical heating and night vision (anything that produced heat produces infrared radiation).
- Ultraviolet - Energy efficient lighting and tanning (ionising meaning that it can cause mutations and/or cancer).
- X-rays - Medical imaging (absorbed by hard materials).
- Gamma - Medical imaging and sterilisation (can be detected outside of the body).
L9 - Ultrasound
The range for humans hearing is 20Hz to 20,000Hz.
Ultrasound is beneficial as it does not hurt the foetus, allows you to see any issues or deformities with the foetus, not ionising.
If a large change in the densities of the mediums is present, the amplitude of the reflected wave will increase.
L1 - Types of Waves
Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. They can travel in a vacuum and such examples include the EM spectrum, S waves and water ripples.
Longitudinal waves oscillate parallel to the direction of energy transfer, they exhibit compressions and rarefactions. They must have a medium to travel through and such examples include sound waves and P waves.
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L11 - Seismic Waves
S Waves:
- Transverse
- Only travel through solid matter.
- Cannot travel through liquid inner core.
P Waves:
- Longitudinal
- Can travel through all physical matter.
- Refracted at the boundary between the mantle and the outer core because their speed changes abruptly.
L5 - Refraction
Light can either be absorbed, transmitted or reflected by an object.
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