Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
3.4 The triumph of 'Jim Crow' 1883 to 1900
To what extent did the…
3.4 The triumph of 'Jim Crow' 1883 to 1900
To what extent did the Jim Crow laws change race relations in the South and how were black people excluded from voting?
-
Excluding Black Voters
also during the Reconstruction many black Americans were elected offers both at the state and national level. Texas- 42 black American's elected to state legislature, 50 in South Carolina , 127 in Louisiana and 99 in Alabama, black Americans also became US senators and congressmen.
after the end of reconstruction- southern state governments dominated by the Democratic Party began a process where they removed most black Americans from the voting and political system of the Southern states. this led to the reverse of political gains of black Americans achieved during the reconstruction and insured the dominance of the white dominated Democratic party in the south until the 1970s.
period of Reconstruction= revolution in electorate of former confederate states. the Fifteenth amendment extended the right to vote to all adult black Americans- 700,000 ex-slaves were enfranchised. this led to black voters outnumbering white voters in 5 of the former Confederate States.
-
Changes to rail travel in Florida, 1887:
Supreme court declared that the provisions of the 1875 civil rights act were no longer lawful and therefore gave state governments the opportunity to introduce legal segregation of the races
-
Black and white passengers had to occupy separate railway carriages- If violated a black person would faced a fine of $500
-
Followed by Mississippi 1888, Texas 1889, Louisiana 1890, Alabama, Kentucky, Arkansas and Georgia in 1891
-
-
-
Louisiana's Grandfather Clause, 1898
however in 1915 an NAACP legal challenge to the Grandfather Clause was upheld by the US supreme court and it was declared unconstitutional. one of the first legal victories achieved by black Americans against Jim Crow Laws.
the grandfather clause stated that no man who had been eligible to vote on the 1st of January 1867 would be required to meet literacy or property ownership requirements in order to register to vote neither would his son or grandson be required to meet those requirements. Since black Americans were not granted the right to vote until the 15th amendment in 1870 there are excluded from this exemption. Louisiana's law was different to some in that voters her to register under the grandfather clause by the 1st of September 1898
change effectively removed the past majority of black voters from the electoral roll and was passed by 96 votes to 28. L.J. Dossman, State legislator voted in favour of the change because it would remove every black American from the electoral role. the Grandfather Clause had a large impact on at the black vote in Louisiana. 1896- estimated number of black Americans registered to vote in Louisiana was 130,000; in 1904 dropped to an automated number of 1,342.
The Convention delegates included a provision requiring that potential voters passed a l test or own a certain amount of property in order to register. Since many white men were neither literate nor property owners- included a new section 5 to state constitution called the Grandfather Clause.
8th February 1898- the Louisiana constitution convention met for the first time and had similar aims to Mississippi constitution convention of 1890. the president of the convention made clear that the aim of the convention was to ensure the removal of the electorate's illiterate voters.