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Pronouns - Coggle Diagram
Pronouns
Kinds of pronouns
II. Possesive Pronouns
Possesive form of personal pronouns
1. Form
Personal Pronouns: I, you, we, they, he, she,
Possessive Pronouns: Mine, Yours, Ours, theirs, his, hers
2. Usage
Possessive pronouns replace Possessive adjective + Noun
Ex: Can I borrow your keys? I can't find mine.
(Mine=Your Keys)
Ours
is the third house on the left
No (a, an, the) before possessive pronouns
Ex: That coat is mine. (Not: That coat is the mine)
Double possessive
Ex: Tom is a friend of mine
(one of my friends = a friend of mine)
He is a brother of Maria's.
III. Reflexive and Emphatic Pronouns
1. Form
Personal Pronouns: I, you, we, they, he, she, it
Reflexive/ Emphatic Pronouns: myself, yourself, ourselves, themselves, himself, herself, itself
2. Usage
Reflexive pronouns
Đại từ phản thân được dùng làm tân ngữ của động từ khi hành động của động từ do chủ ngữ thực hiện tác động lại ngay chính chủ ngữ.
Ex: When the policeman came in, the gunman shot himself. (Himself= The Gunman)
Ex 1: His letter are all about himself.
I love you for yourself, not for your money.
Reflexive Pronuons
Emphatic Pronouns
The same form as Reflexive Pronouns, be used to emphasize a noun or pronoun.
Ex: The manager herself welcomed us.
Ex 1: I saw him do it myself
By + oneself = Alone , without help
By myself/ yourself/ himself...
Ex: He's lived by himself since his wife died.
I. Personal Pronouns (Đại từ nhân xưng)
1. Form
Subject form: I, you, we, they, he, she, it
Object form: me, you, us, them, him, her, it
2. Usage
I know John. He is very kind.
Personal subject pronouns: I, you, we, they, he, she, it
Subject of verbs
Ex: You should grateful everything that happens in your life.
Complements of the Verb to be
Ex: It was he who first investigated that clue.
Personal object pronouns: me, you, us, them, him, her, it
Direct objects or indirect objects of a verb
Ex: She sent me some flowers
Objects of preposition
Ex: He said he couldn't live without her.
Note:
Who said that? Her/ It was her/ She did.
Some usages of
It
When the factory closes, it will mean 600 people losing their jobs.
Formal Object (Weather, Time, Day, Temperature, Distance of Measurement)
Ex: It rained all day
It's 6 o'clock
It's Monday
It's 30 Celsius degree in this room
It's six miles to the nearest post office.
Who was
it
on the telephone?
It
was Vicky. She just called to say she's arrived home safely
Formal Objects when Real Objects (Infinitive, Gerund or Clause)
Ex: It was impossible to get a taxi at that time
It's always sad saying goodbye to someone you love.
Use for replace things, animals, baby or child (gender is not important or knew)
Ex: I've bought a new car. It's very affodable.
I found
it
difficult to explain this to him.
He thought
it
no use going over the subject again.
Emphasis
Ex: It was Jim who lent us the money.
It was three weeks later that he heard the news.
IV. Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative Pronouns: this, that, these, those. Pronouns that point to specific things or introduction or identidy someone
Ex: These are my candies. Those are yours.
b. That (cái kia/ người kia), số nhiều là those (những cái kia/ những người kia)
- Identify someone
Ex: Is that Ruth? No, That's Rita.
- Pointing past events
Ex: That was nice. What was is it?
-Pointing things in far distance (With speaker)
Ex: That's Jery's car, over there.
This is my umbrella. That's yours.
- On telephone
Ex: Hello. This is Trung. Is that/ this Ruth?
- This/ These, that/ those can replace a noun, a clause
prementioned.
Ex: He hung his daughter's portrait beside that of his wife's.
( that=portrait)
- Those theo sau bởi một mệnh đề quan hệ xác định hoặc một ngữ phân từ đề chỉ người
Ex: Those who couldn't walk were carried on stretchers. (Those who = The people who)
- This/ these, that/ those can be alone, or one/ ones after when have comparison or choose
Ex: I don't like these sweaters. I prefer those (ones) over there.
This (one) looks the nicest.
a. This (Cái này/ người này), số nhiều là these (Những cái này/ những người này)
- Introduce someone
Ex: This is my brother.
These are my friends.
- Pointing things in a close distance (With speaker)
Ex: In all your paintings I like this best
These are my shoes.
- Pointing coming events
Ex: Listen to this. You'll like it.
I don't like to say this, but I'm really not happy with the service here.
Interrogative pronouns
Who, whom, what, whose, which