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Key Events in Counseling Profession, The modern era of psychopharmacology…

- - - - The Early Middle Ages. Those displaying deviant behaviors were explained by supernatural causes, and took part in cruel treatments. Humans were thought to be the place where the battle of good and evil occurred.
        
        16th Century. A system of hospitals known as asylums were developed in Europe to provide shelter for those who could not take care of themselves. The conditions of these asylums were terrible. Residents were often kept in restraints and left to lie in their own waste.
        
        1700s. Advocates began working to reform these asylums by implementing more of a humane approach called "moral treatment." This treatment included organized schedules of productive labor, spiritual and cultural improvement, socializing, entertainment, nutrition, exercise, and education.
        
        THE EMERGENCY OF PSYCHIATRY
        
        13 asylum supervisors gathered to form the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane. (AMSAII) This was the first organized medical specialty society in America.
        
        Science advanced and new approached to mental illness were being discovered. Neurologists emerged as they focused science and its application to the mentally ill. In 1892 the organization changed its name to American Medico-Psychological Association which later became the American Psychiatric Association.
        
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- - - - 21st Century. The biggest changes that occurred during the 21st century were the trends that exerted influence on the roles, tools, contexts, and training of mental health counselors. These trends include the application of technology in research, mental health services, and education. The influence of positive psychology and research into wellness. Lastly, The responses to natural and human-made disasters.