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Chapter II - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Integer
        
        ex: 8, -10, 100
      - Float
        
        ex: 9.1, 7.0, 100,81
      - Complex
        
        ex: x + yj (x is real; y is imaginary)
    - - String
    - - List
        
        Can store different data types
      - Tuple
      - Range
    - - Dictionary
    - - Set
      - frozenset
    - - bool
    - - bytes
      - bytearray
      - memoryview
  - - - execution order of the program code
    - - Sequential Structure
      - Branch Structure
        
        Conditional Statement
        
        It's a statement that used when we want to perform different action based on the condition (is it true or false?)
      - Loop Structure (based on condition too)
        
        While
        
        For
        
        Nested
  - - - function that contains other functions as a parameters or returns a function as an output
    - - function that is not bound to an identifier
    - - a block of reusable code which only runs when it is called and can return data as an output
  - - - a blueprint for an object
    - - instance of a class
      - a collection of data (variables) and methods (functions) that act on those data
    - - a programming paradigm that organizes software design around objects, instead of functions and logic
    - - Inheritance
      - Abstraction
      - Encapsulation
      - Polymorphism