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Group Work, Classroom Discourse Week 13 Task 1 - Coggle Diagram
Group Work
Classroom Discourse Week 13 Task 1
System-based approaches
Advantages of fixed system
There is no need to design one from scratch; because the system is well- known.
There is no need for validation.
Any system may be used in real- time or following a recording.
The system is ready- made.
Comparisons between one system and another are possible.
By ‘system’ is meant that the instrument has a number of fixed categories that have
been predetermined by extensive trialling in different classroom contexts
Foreign Language Interaction (FLINT)
Bellack et al. (1966)
The instrument importantly identified a number of pedagogical moves that could be categorized into common teaching cycles that frequently occur together. These common teaching cycles include:
Structure
Solicit
Respond
React
Flanders Interaction Analysis Categories (FIAC)
Teacher talk
Accept feelings
Praises or encourages
Accepts or uses ideas of pupils
Asks questions
Lectures
Gives direction
Criticizes or uses authority
Pupil talk
Pupil talk: response
Pupil talk: initiation
Silence
Period of silence or confusion
Communicative Orientation of Language
Teaching (COLT)
Ad hoc approaches
Participants ownership of the research design process and greater insights of the issue under investigation
Advantages
Permits a finer grained understanding of specific feature of the discourse
Scaffolding is used depending on the student's response within a dialogic discourse.
Reformulation: rephrasing a learner's contribution
Extension: extends a learner's contribution
Modelling: provides an example for the learners
Teacher's involvement to stimulate user of the instrument to the various sorts of scaffolding may be employed.
More attention is given to microcosms of interactions that are often overlooked by system-based technique which known as "broad brush" descriptions
Offers the construction of a more flexible instrument
The aim is to help teachers to gain fuller understanding of the relationship between language use, interaction and opportunities for learning.
Involves designing a specific instrument in relation to context through a process of guided discovery