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PERFECT PARTICIPLES (phân từ hoàn thành) - Coggle Diagram
PERFECT PARTICIPLES
(phân từ hoàn thành)
HÌNH THỨC
chủ động
Having Ved/V3
bị động
Having been Ved/V3
CHỨC NĂNG
Để rút gọn mệnh đề lý do
Because
Because they lost the game, they cried a lot.
=
Having lost
the game, they cried a lot.
Since/ As
Since humans damaged to the environment, humans had to suffer from lots of natural disasters.
=
Having damaged
to the environment, humans had to suffer from lots of natural disasters.
Chú ý:
Mệnh đề rút gọn được gọi là mệnh đề phân từ
Hai hành động của câu phải có cùng chủ ngữ thì mới rút gọn được
Để rút gọn mệnh đề thời gian
khi có hành động xảy ra trước 1 hđ khác trong QK
After
After I had had breakfast, I went to school.
=
Having had
breakfast, I went to school.
After he had been allowed to go out, he called his friends.
=
Having been allowed
to go out, he called his friends.
then
He finished his homework, then he went out.
=
Having finished
his homework, he went out.