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Specialised cells - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Transport water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves
        
        provide support for the plant
    - - Consist of dead, hollow cells, maximises space for water and dissolved substances to be transported
      - Walls of the xylem vessels are lignified (coated with lignin). This strengthens the xylem
  - - - Transports sugars throughout the plant
    - - Cross-walls separating cells are called sieve plates
      - Companion cells contain many mitochondria which provide energy needed to move sugars around the plant.
  - - - Absorb water and mineral ions from the soil.
    - - Long 'finger like' process which gives a large surface area
      - Thin wall to reduce the distance that molecules need to move to reach the inside of the cell.
- - - - Male Gamete (sex cell
        
        Carries genetic information from the father and fertilises the egg cell
    - - Many mitochondria to provide energy for the movement of the tail
      - The head has a specialised sac of enzymes called the acrosome
        
        It digests the outer lining of the egg cell
      - Long tail to help propel the sperm along to the nucleus
      - Nucleus contains half the number of chromosomes of an adult cell
  - - - To transmit information as electrical surges
    - - Long to carry impulses rapidly throughout the body with no gaps between the neurons
      - Insulating sheath made of fatty myelin - to speed up the impulse (100m/s)
      - Branched endings (dendrites) - make connections with other neurons and allow several different pathways for the impulse
  - - - Contract and relax in order to move the skeleton, blood or substances in the body.
    - - Many mitochondria to provide energy for muscle contraction.