The regins of the catholic monarchs III
Economy and society
Art and culture
14th century cereal farming decline
Crown of Castilla
Crwon of Aragon
economic activities
wool
Transhumance livestock farming 
shepherds emigrate to different pastures on each season
Northen meseta in summer
southern meseta in winter
exportation of wool
1494, Burgos Consulate
to control exportation of wool
Folcks travelled through pads protected by the cañadas reales
The Catholic Monarchs received taxes from wool trade
gave numerous privilages to the association of shepherds
Honrado Concejo de la Mesta
16th century main source
precious metals from the Americas.
the textile industry just covered domestic demand
Agriculture suffered
because of the increase of libestock farming
amount of pasture land increased and replace the crop lands
In Andalucía substantial vineyards and olive/wine and oil
crisis of the 14th century
feudal abuses
abuse of taxes and fines by nobility
pesants revolt War of the Remences
Ferdinand ended the confflict
by the Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe in 1486.
Trade in the Mediterranean improve
by the incorporation of Italian territories into the Crown of Aragón.
main ports Valencia and Barcelona
benefitted other economic activities
shipbuilding
textile industry
monarchs protected local industries by taxes on foreign products
new humanist and Renaissance ideas but medieval tradition was still important
Spanish Renaissance Characteristics
founding new unibersities+printing press
Juan Luis Vives
importance of the Castilian language
The Gothic style was maintained
first grammar of this language in 1492.
by philogist Antonio de Nebrija
Cardinal Cisneros
Bible in 4 languages to identify tranlation errors
Complutensian Polyglot Bible
Alcalá de Henares University
most important humanist
a converted Jew who escape from the Inquisition
spent his life in Flanders and England
follower of Erasmus of Rotterdam
proposed creation of social services poor people and educational reforms
Achitecture/sculpture and painting
Gothic works were paid by the Catholic Moarchs and Cardinal Cisneros
Isabelline style
Cisneros style
sculpture: Italian Domenico Fancelli
Tomb of the Catholic Monarchs in Granada
painting: Pedro Berruguete
influenced by Flemish style