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Endocrine Faith Gallardo P.7, TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS (INSULIN DEPENDENT…

- - - - from the HYPOTHALAMUS control secretion from the anterior pituitary
    - - these hormones are carried in the bloodstream directly to the anterior pituitary
    - - STIMULATES BODY CELLS TO GROW AND REPRODUCE
        
        Speeds the rate at which cells use carbohydrates and fats
        
        GH IMBALANCES
        
        pituitary dwarfism
        
        Due to GH deficiency during childhood
        
        Gigantism
        
        Due to GH oversecretion during childhood
        
        Acromegaly
        
        Due to GH oversecretion in adulthood
  - - - Consists of axons of neurons of the hypothalamus
    - - releases hormones into the blood in response to nerve impulses from the HYPOTHALAMUS
  - - - Controlled by prolactin releasing factor (PRF) & prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH) from the HYPOTHALAMUS
    - - controls the secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland
        
        Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus stumulates the release of TSH
    - - Regulated by CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE (CRH) from the hypothalamus
        
        stress can also INCREASE release of CRH which increases ACTH secreation
    - - FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)
        
        LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH)
        
        affect the male (testes) and female (ovaries) gonads
        
        In males LH is also known as interstitial- cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
- - - - THYROXINE (T4)
        
        TETRAIODOTHYRONINE
        
        Triiodothyronine (T3)
      - Thyroid hormone level is the major factor in determining the BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR) the caloric intake necessary to maintain life
  - - - Addison disease
        
        Hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids
      - Cushing syndrome
        
        hypersecretion of adrenal cortical hormones
- - - - INCREASES THE BLOOD LEVEL OF GLUCOSE BY STMULATING THE BREAKDOWN OF GLYCOGEN AND THE CONVERSION OF NONCARBOHYDRATES INTO GLUCOSE BY THE LIVER
  - - - High Blood glucose stimulates the release of insulin
  - - - HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE HARMS EYES, HEART, KIDNEYS, PERIPHERAL NERVES
        
        Pineal, Thymus, & other glands
        
        Secretes MELATION which is involved in the REGULATION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS of the body
        
        It released at night but is suppressed during the day
    - - LIES BETWEEN THE LUNGS BEHIND THE STERNUM
        
        Secretes THYMOSINS that affect production and diffrentiation of T lymphocytes (which are important in immunity)
        
        THE GLAND IS THE LARGEST IN CHILDREN AND SHRINKS WITH AGE
        
        REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS
        
        The ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone
        
        DIGESTIVE GLANDS
        
        HEART
        
        KIDNEYS